Abstract:High-resolution mass spectrometry is a powerful tool in clinical analysis but remains less explored due to its lower dynamic range and sensitivity compared to triple quadrupoles. Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) is the current gold standard biomarker to monitor the control of diabetes, representing long-term plasma glycemic levels. Due to its clinical importance, several methods have been developed for HbA1c quantification, using different principles; however, the results obtained with these techniques may differ a… Show more
“…As the results show in Table S1 (Supporting Information), the intra-assay CV and interassay CV of the two samples detected by QDs@BSA@SiO 2 –COOH-LFIA was 4.22–7.21% and 5.15–5.95% respectively, which confirmed the high reproducibility and good precision of the assay for the HbA1c analysis. Moreover, compared with the other methods for HbA1c detection, − this work had demonstrated obvious advantages in linear range, detection time, and stability (shown in Table S2, Supporting Information).…”
The surface functionalization of quantum dots (QDs) is essential for their application as a label material in a biological field. Here, a protein surface functionalization approach was introduced to combine with silica encapsulation for the sustainable and stable synthesis of QDs nanobeads for biomarker detection. The formation of QDs nanobeads was achieved by multiple mercapto groups in bovine serum albumin (BSA) macromolecules as multidentate ligands to replace hydrophobic ligands on the surface of QDs and decompression. The resulting QDs nanobeads exhibited 20 times more photoluminescence than the corresponding hydrophobic QDs and presented excellent stability under physiological conditions due to the protection of BSA and silica. The nanobeads served as a robust signal-generating reagent to construct the lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA) biosensor for the detection of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c). The concentration of HbA1c was determined within 10 min with high specificity using only 60 μL of whole blood samples collected clinically. The nanobeads-based LFIA biosensor exhibited linear detection of HbA1c from 4.2% to 13.6%. The accuracy and stability of this approach in clinical utility was demonstrated by the detection of HbA1c after a long-term storage of test strips. This protein surface modification technology provides a new way for improving the biological properties of QDs in clinical diagnosis.
“…As the results show in Table S1 (Supporting Information), the intra-assay CV and interassay CV of the two samples detected by QDs@BSA@SiO 2 –COOH-LFIA was 4.22–7.21% and 5.15–5.95% respectively, which confirmed the high reproducibility and good precision of the assay for the HbA1c analysis. Moreover, compared with the other methods for HbA1c detection, − this work had demonstrated obvious advantages in linear range, detection time, and stability (shown in Table S2, Supporting Information).…”
The surface functionalization of quantum dots (QDs) is essential for their application as a label material in a biological field. Here, a protein surface functionalization approach was introduced to combine with silica encapsulation for the sustainable and stable synthesis of QDs nanobeads for biomarker detection. The formation of QDs nanobeads was achieved by multiple mercapto groups in bovine serum albumin (BSA) macromolecules as multidentate ligands to replace hydrophobic ligands on the surface of QDs and decompression. The resulting QDs nanobeads exhibited 20 times more photoluminescence than the corresponding hydrophobic QDs and presented excellent stability under physiological conditions due to the protection of BSA and silica. The nanobeads served as a robust signal-generating reagent to construct the lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA) biosensor for the detection of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c). The concentration of HbA1c was determined within 10 min with high specificity using only 60 μL of whole blood samples collected clinically. The nanobeads-based LFIA biosensor exhibited linear detection of HbA1c from 4.2% to 13.6%. The accuracy and stability of this approach in clinical utility was demonstrated by the detection of HbA1c after a long-term storage of test strips. This protein surface modification technology provides a new way for improving the biological properties of QDs in clinical diagnosis.
“…In addition, HRMS provides more accurate masses than triplequadrupole instruments with a lower resolution. Moreover, current LC-HRMS allows for simultaneous sensitive quantitative and qualitative analyses [5][6][7][8][9]. Thus, high-resolution full scan acquisitions allow for untargeted compound identification, which may be helpful to identify clinically relevant metabolites or drugs.…”
Introduction: Urine free cortisol measurements are routinely performed to evaluate hypercortisolism. Despite their analytical inaccuracy, immunoassay-based methods are frequently used. Advances in liquid chromatography–high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) facilitate the incorporation of powerful diagnostic tools into clinical laboratories. In addition to its high analytical specificity and simultaneous analysis of different metabolites, accurate mass measurement allows for untargeted compound identification, which may help to identify clinically relevant metabolites or drugs. Methods: The present study aimed to validate a simple routine LC–HRMS method to quantify cortisol, cortisone, 6β-hydroxycortisol, and 18-hydroxycortisol simultaneously in human urine. Additionally, the study also validated a GC-MS method for the same steroids, evaluated their cross-reactivity with commercial cortisol immunoassays, and quantified the 24 h urine excretion in patients under clinical suspicion or follow-up for hypercortisolism. Results: The LC-HRMS method involved liquid–liquid extraction using dichloromethane, micro-LC for chromatographic separation and detection using the accurate masses of the steroids, and simultaneous high-resolution full scan acquisition. The method presented acceptable linearity, precision, and accuracy. Significant interference from 6β-hydroxycortisol and cortisone was demonstrated in the cortisol immunoassays, which impacted their reliability in the follow-up of patients with hypercortisolism and significant changes in these cortisol metabolites (i.e., due to drug-induced changes in CYP3A4 activity). Conclusion: A rapid and accurate routine LC-HRMS method was validated, which is useful for the evaluation of hypercortisolism and other disorders of glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid metabolism.
Continuous Glucose Monitoring (CGM) systems are revolutionizing the real‐time tracking of blood glucose levels, a cornerstone in effective diabetes management and optimal glycemic control. Transitioning from the “intermittent readings” offered by traditional Blood Glucose Monitoring (BGM) methods, CGM delivers an “uninterrupted flow” of glucose data, enabling a “more detailed” strategy for meeting treatment goals. Initially, the “uptake of CGM faced hurdles due to doubts about its precision, but continuous advancements in technology have not only resolved these concerns but also confirms CGM as a dependable and impactful instrument in diabetes management”. Concurrently, advancements in insulin pump technology have improved their portability and ease of use, greatly increasing patient adoption. The market reflects a growing demand for such innovative healthcare solutions, driven by an increased awareness of diabetes management and bolstered by supportive healthcare policies. Future prospects for CGM and insulin pump technologies are incredibly promising, offering the potential for highly personalized care and sophisticated treatment strategies. This paper aims to explore how the synergy between ongoing technological developments and evolving market dynamics is set to redefine the diabetes care paradigm, positioning CGM and insulin pumps as essential elements in enhancing the quality of life for individuals with diabetes.
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