New Type of Position-Sensitive Detectors of Ionizing Radiation Using Risetime Measurement

Borkowski, C. J.; Kopp, M. K.

doi:10.1063/1.1683152

Cited by 178 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…In an alternative read-out technique for the resistive-wire proportional chamber, Borkowski and Kopp (127)(128) showed that the anode wire can be used as a -87-distributed RC line which slows down the rise time of the pulse as it travels in both directions away from its point of origin. The highly resistive wire is, in practice, a carbon-coated quartz fiber+, diameter 25 ~m and resistance 8000 ~/mm.…”

Section: Measurement Of Bpmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Nuclear Particles

Goulding¹,

Harvey²

1975

Annu. Rev. Nucl. Sci.

128

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Section: Measurement Of Bpmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Nuclear Particles

Goulding¹,

Harvey²

1975

Annu. Rev. Nucl. Sci.

128

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“…The detector signals are processed by the rise-time method (Borkowski & Kopp, 1968, 1970. A block diagram of the circuit is shown in Fig.…”

Section: The Detectormentioning

confidence: 99%

The ORNL 10-meter small angle X-ray scattering camera

Hendricks¹

1978

J Appl Crystallogr

175

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A new small-angle X-ray scattering camera which utilizes a rotating-anode X-ray source, crystal monochromatization of the incident beam, pinhole collimation, and a two-dimensional position-sensitive proportional counter has been developed. Because the sizes of the X-ray focal spot, the sample and the resolution element of the detector are each approximately 1 x 1 mm, the camera was designed so that the focal spot-to-sample and sample-to-detector distances may each be varied in 0-5 m increments up to 5 m to provide a system resolution in the range 0.5 to 4.0 mrad. A large, general-purpose specimen chamber has been provided into which a wide variety of special-purpose specimen holders can be mounted. The detector has an active area of 200 x 200 mm and has up to 200 x 200 resolution elements. The data are recorded in the memory of a minicomputer by a high-speed interface which uses a microprocessor to map the position of an incident photon into an absolute minicomputer memory address. With this interface, over 105 events s-1 can be recorded. The data recorded in the computer memory can be processed on-line by a variety of programs designed to enhance the user's interaction with the experiment. Among these are routines for background and detector-sensitivity correction, contour and perspective plotting of the two-dimensional data, a variety of averaging schemes for determining circular averages and/or one-dimensional slices of the data, file-management programs to handle the large quantity of data produced by a two-dimensional detector, and an interactive package for communications with a central computing facility via a dedicated hardwired link. At the highest angular resolution (0.4 mrad) the flux incident on the specimen is 1.0 x 106 photons s-1 with the X-ray source operating at 45 kV and 100 mA. The performance of the instrument is demonstrated with several examples, among which are scattering patterns from voids in neutron-irradiated nickel, plastically deformed polyethylene and collagen fibrils. Results from a kinetic study of the crystallization of polyethylene are also reported.

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“…The detector elements were developed to our specifications by Reuter Stokes, and are coupled to their electronic components to form an effective and economical multidetector (Berliner, Mildner, Pringle & King, 1981). Unlike other detectors made in a single envelope [such as the LETI design (Allemand et al, 1975) used at ILL, Grenoble, at AWRE Aldermaston and at AERE Harwell, or the Borkowski-Kopp design (Borkowski & Kopp, 1968) used at ORNL and at ANL], should one detector element malfunction, the detector or its electronics may be replaced easily with little instrument downtime. In addition, the front wall scattering of a monolithic detector is essentially eliminated through the use of thin [0.010 in (0.254 mm)] stainless-steel walls.…”

Section: The Position-sensitive Detectormentioning

confidence: 99%

The small-angle neutron scattering spectrometer at the University of Missouri research reactor

Mildner¹,

Berliner²,

Pringle³

et al. 1981

J Appl Cryst

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A small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) spectrometer has been constructed at the University of Missouri Research Reactor Facility (MURR). The design of the MURR-SANS is unusual in that the size of the reactor containment building constrains the flight path to be vertical. This is achieved by Bragg scattering upward through 90 ° from a set of slightly misaligned pyrolytic graphite crystals to provide a neutron beam at 4.75/~ with a wavelength spread of approximately 4.1~o. The beam incident on the sample is defined by two matched variable apertures located either 3.0 or 4.5 m apart. The evacuated scattered flight path is designed with removable extensions to match the primary flight path in length. The instrument has an automatic sample handling capability provided by its own dedicated PDP 11/03 computer. The detector is a large assembly of commercially available linear 3He detectors as an economic alternative to a crossed-wire twodimensional multi-detector. An array of 43 positionsensitive proportional counters, 24 in (609.6 mm) long and 0-5 in (12.7 mm) in diameter, using charge division gives a spatial resolution of 5 x 12.7 mm. The areaaveraged detector efficiency is about 84~o at a wavelength of 4.75 A. The range of scattering vectors that can be measured is 0.005

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New Type of Position-Sensitive Detectors of Ionizing Radiation Using Risetime Measurement

Cited by 178 publications

References 6 publications

Identification of Nuclear Particles

Identification of Nuclear Particles

The ORNL 10-meter small angle X-ray scattering camera

The small-angle neutron scattering spectrometer at the University of Missouri research reactor

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