New turtle remains from the Late Cretaceous of Monte Alto-SP, Brazil, including cranial osteology, neuroanatomy and phylogenetic position of a new taxon

Ferreira, Gabriel; Iori, Fabiano Vidoi; Hermanson, Guilherme; Langer, Max C.

doi:10.1007/s12542-017-0397-x

Cited by 24 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…The anterior and posterior semicircular canals (ASC and PSC, respectively) are nearly at the same level as the lateral semicircular canal (LSC), whereas in other turtles the first two run dorsally in relation to the last Mautner et al, 2017;PaulinaCarabajal et al, 2017;Ferreira et al, 2018). The angle between the ASC and LSC is also very wide (Table 1), with similar values to meiolaniids and tortoises (Paulina-Carabajal et al, 2017).…”

Section: Sensory Capabilities Of Proganochelysmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…The foramina through which those three cranial nerves (II-IV) exit the braincase are formed by the laterosphenoid (="pleurosphenoid") (Gaffney, 1990;Bhullar and Bever, 2009). This is the second P. quenstedti specimen with a preserved laterosphenoid, however the fact that this ossification is severely crushed leads us to refrain from commenting Guillon et al (2012), andFerreira et al (2018). Heat mapping on branches based on the ratio (CE/BL) between cubic root of endocast volume and basicranial length ( Table 1).…”

Section: Endocranial Anatomymentioning

confidence: 90%

“…Its endocast is a relatively simple structure when compared to that of crownturtles Mautner et al, 2017;PaulinaCarabajal et al, 2017;Ferreira et al, 2018). It has a tube-like shape, with only small pontine and cephalic flexures and poorly differentiated brain regions.…”

Section: Discussion Ancestral Condition For Testudinatamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The anterior and posterior semicircular canals are small and anteroposteriorly longer than high and have low internal radii. The crus communis is also very low in comparison to other taxa Mautner et al, 2017;Paulina-Carabajal et al, 2017;Ferreira et al, 2018) which results in an almost horizontal orientation of the anterior and posterior semicircular canals (Figure 4). The lateral semicircular canal barely extends laterally from the vestibulum.…”

Section: Endocranial Anatomymentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Some regions became more pronounced as well. In N. speciosa, meiolaniids (Paulina-Carabajal et al, 2017), Plesiochelys etalloni and all other crown-turtles (Mautner et al, 2017;Ferreira et al, 2018) the cerebral hemispheres are clearly distinguishable from the remainder of the endocast and are wider in relation to skull and endocast length than in P. quenstedti (Figures 2, 3). The olfactory bulb can also be seen in the endocasts of some taxa, e.g., Testudo graeca and Plesiochelys etalloni Paulina-Carabajal et al, 2017).…”

Section: Evolution Of the Turtle Brain Endocastmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Sensory Evolution and Ecology of Early Turtles Revealed by Digital Endocranial Reconstructions

2018

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In the past few years, new fossil finds and novel methodological approaches have prompted intensive discussions about the phylogenetic affinities of turtles and rekindled the debate on their ecological origin, with very distinct scenarios, such as fossoriality and aquatic habitat occupation, proposed for the earliest stem-turtles. While research has focused largely on the origin of the anapsid skull and unique postcranial anatomy, little is known about the endocranial anatomy of turtles. Here, we provide 3D digital reconstructions and comparative descriptions of the brain, nasal cavity, neurovascular structures and endosseous labyrinth of Proganochelys quenstedti, one of the earliest stem-turtles, as well as other turtle taxa. Our results demonstrate that P. quenstedti retained a simple tube-like brain morphology with poorly differentiated regions and mediocre hearing and vision, but a well-developed olfactory sense. Endocast shape analysis indicates that an increase in size and regionalization of the brain took place in the course of turtle evolution, achieving an endocast diversity comparable to other amniote groups. Based on the new evidence presented herein, we further conclude that P. quenstedti was a highly terrestrial, but most likely not fossorial, taxon.

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Section: Sensory Capabilities Of Proganochelysmentioning

confidence: 85%

Section: Endocranial Anatomymentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Discussion Ancestral Condition For Testudinatamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Endocranial Anatomymentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Evolution Of the Turtle Brain Endocastmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Sensory Evolution and Ecology of Early Turtles Revealed by Digital Endocranial Reconstructions

2018

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Neuroanatomical study of the podocnemidid turtle Neochelys arenarum (Pleurodira), from the early Eocene of France

Jiménez

Pérez‐García

2023

The Anatomical Record

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Neochelys is an exclusively European Eocene podocnemidid genus belonging to a linage that reached this continent at the early Eocene. The so far available anatomical information about it is relatively abundant, especially considering that of its shell, at least partially preserved for the eight valid species currently considered. By contrast, the skull of very few representatives of the taxon has been identified. Neochelys arenarum is one of the species for which the cranial anatomy is known. It corresponds to the oldest species of this genus, coming from the MP7 zone of the Ypresian (early Eocene) of Southern France. The 3D virtual cranial reconstruction and the detailed neuroanatomical study of a representative of Neochelys are carried out here for the first time based on that species, this being also the first study of this nature performed for a European podocnemidid. In addition, the comparison of the neuroanatomical structures (i.e., the endocranial and labyrinthic cavities, and the nervous and circulatory canals) of N. arenarum with those of other representatives of Podocnemidoidae has been achieved.

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A small podocnemidoid (Pleurodira, Pelomedusoides) from the Late Cretaceous of Brazil, and the innervation and carotid circulation of side‐necked turtles

Hermanson

Iori²,

Evers

et al. 2020

Papers in Palaeontology

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Pleurodires are less diverse than cryptodires, together forming the two major lineages of crown turtles. Their fossil record, however, is rich. A particularly large number of fossil pleurodires, many belonging to the Podocnemidoidae, has been recovered from the Upper Cretaceous Bauru Group outcrops of south-central Brazil. Herein we describe an additional pleurodire from this region, Amabilis uchoensis gen. et sp. nov., based on a partially preserved skull. A. uchoensis is recognized as belonging to the Podocnemidoidae by the small entrance to the antrum postoticum and completely developed cavum pterygoidei, being unique among other non-podocnemidid podocnemidoids for its medially open fenestra postotica and absent basioccipital-opisthotic contact. Our cladistic analysis places A. uchoensis as a sister taxon to Hamadachelys + other podocnemidoids. We further explore the neuroanatomy of side-necked turtles with the aid of micro-computed tomography of specimens of the main pleurodiran lineages. Our data shed light on the different carotid circulation patterns in pleurodires, and we propose new phylogenetic characters to describe the neuroanatomical variation of the group. Optimization of these characters shows two independent acquisitions of a foramen for the palatal branch of the carotid in chelids and podocnemidoids, and a unique loss of the vidian nerve canal in chelids, in turtles in general.

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New turtle remains from the Late Cretaceous of Monte Alto-SP, Brazil, including cranial osteology, neuroanatomy and phylogenetic position of a new taxon

Cited by 24 publications

References 44 publications

Sensory Evolution and Ecology of Early Turtles Revealed by Digital Endocranial Reconstructions

Sensory Evolution and Ecology of Early Turtles Revealed by Digital Endocranial Reconstructions

Neuroanatomical study of the podocnemidid turtle Neochelys arenarum (Pleurodira), from the early Eocene of France

A small podocnemidoid (Pleurodira, Pelomedusoides) from the Late Cretaceous of Brazil, and the innervation and carotid circulation of side‐necked turtles

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