New Tropical Seed Oils. IV—Component acids of leguminous and other seed oils including useful sources of crepenynic and dehydrocrepenynic acid

Gunstone, Frank D.; Steward, S. R.; Cornelius, J. A.; Hammonds, T. W.

doi:10.1002/jsfa.2740230108

Cited by 43 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…The oil content observed in P. pendula seeds (28.4 %) was three times greater than values reported by Lago et al (1987) for two other Parkia species which also occur in the Brazilian Amazon. When compared to the oil content of African species, P. pendula was similar to that observed by Gunstone et al (1972) for P. roxburghii (20 % oil). In this study, the H. parviflora oil content (8.2 %) was twice as high as the values observed for the same species in Singapore (Cornelius et al, 1970).…”

Section: S H O R T C O M M U N I C a T I O Nsupporting

confidence: 78%

Primary metabolism components of seeds from Brazilian Amazon tree species

Gonçalves¹,

Fernandes²,

Oliveira³

et al. 2002

Braz. J. Plant Physiol.

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The contents of the main components of the primary metabolism (soluble sugars, starch, proteins, oils, fatty acids) and minerals (P, Ca, Mg, K, Fe, Zn, Mn, Cu) were characterized in seeds of five Brazilian Amazon tree species (Andira parviflora, Bertholletia excelsa, Helicostylis tomentosa, Hymenaea parviflora, and Parkia pendula). Soluble sugar contents were high in P. pendula seeds (14 %), whereas starch predominated in A. parviflora seeds (58.7 %). A. parviflora and H. parviflora seeds were rich in proteins (35.1 % and 32.4 %, respectively). The oil contents ranged from 1.4 % in A. parviflora to 70.7 % in B. excelsa. Only B. excelsa and P. pendula seeds may be considered oilseeds, with 70.7 % and 28.4 % oil, respectively. The fatty acid compositions showed high proportions of unsaturated fatty acids, mainly oleic and linoleic acids, regardless of the species. B. excelsa and P. pendula also showed high amounts of P, Mg, K and Zn.Key words: Fatty acids, minerals, oils, proteins, soluble sugars, starch.Componentes do metabolismo primário de sementes de espécies arbóreas da Amazônia brasileira: Os conteúdos dos principais componentes do metabolismo primário (açúcares solúveis, amido, proteínas, óleos, ácidos graxos) e de minerais (P, Ca, Mg, K, Fe, Zn, Mn, Cu) foram caracterizados em sementes de cinco espécies arbóreas da Amazônia Brasileira (A. parviflora, B. excelsa, H. tomentosa, H. parviflora e P. pendula). O conteúdo de açúcares solúveis foi maior em P. pendula (14 %) e o de amido predominou em sementes de A. parviflora (58,7 %). Sementes de A. parviflora (35.1 %) e H. parviflora (32.4 %) mostraram-se ricas em proteínas. O conteúdo de óleo variou de 1,4 % em A. parviflora a 70,7 % em B. excelsa. Sementes de P. pendula têm 28,4 % de óleo e junto com sementes de B. excelsa, podem ser consideradas como sementes oleaginosas. Independente da espécie, a composição de ácidos graxos mostrou maior proporção de ácidos graxos insaturados, principalmente ácidos oléico e linoléico. B. excelsa e P. pendula também apresentaram maiores quantidades de P, Mg, K e Zn.

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Section: S H O R T C O M M U N I C a T I O Nsupporting

confidence: 78%

Primary metabolism components of seeds from Brazilian Amazon tree species

Gonçalves¹,

Fernandes²,

Oliveira³

et al. 2002

Braz. J. Plant Physiol.

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“…The fatty acid distribution also resembled that of the same plant from Singapore (Gunstone et al 1972) and some other edible oils such as Brazil nut (Paul and Southgate 1978). The high contents of both seed oils suggest that they may be alterntive commercially viable vegetable oils for dietary and/or industrial uses.…”

Section: Characteristics Of Garcinia Kola and Calophyllum Inophyllum mentioning

confidence: 75%

Studies on seed oils of Garcinia kola and Calophyllum inophyllum

Adeyeye

1991

J Sci Food Agric

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Characteristics of Garcinia kola and Calophyllum inophyllum seed oils are presented. Both showed high degrees of unsaturation and high oil contents.Garcinia kola Meckel (bitter kola) and Calophyllum inophyllum Linn (Alexandrian laurel), both members of the Guttiferae (Keay et a1 1964), are two of the many useful tropical plants. Bitter kola fruit nut and pulp are used as human food (Keay et a1 1964). Alexandrian laurel oil is utilised for its healing properties in Asia (Delaveau et a1 1971); its root bark is antibacterial (Radhakrishnan and Kurup 1970).To the best knowledge of the author, there has been no published data on the fatty acid composition of G kola seed oil.The present study characterises the seed oils of G kola and C inophyllum as a continuation of the characterisation of various lesser known Nigerian seed oils (Ajewole and Adeyeye 1991).Both types of seed were collected from three trees each during the 1989 season. Each collection was decorticated and ground before Soxhlet extraction using hexane. Iodine and saponification values of the oils were determined using standard methods (AOAC 1975). The oils were methylated using BF,-methanol complex (Meltcalfe and Schmitz 1961), and the methyl esters were chromatographed using l00g DEGS kg-' Chromosorb WHP packed in a glass column (200cmx2mm ID) on a Varian 3700 GC equipped with a flame ionisation detector. Methyl esters were identified by comparing their retention times with those of standards under the same operating conditions and quantified by triangulation.The characteristics and fatty acid compositions of seed oils of G kola and C inophyllum are shown in Table 1. Both plants showed high seed oil contents and high degrees of unsaturation. In G kola, palmitic acid alone accounted for about

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“…The pathway is fed with acetate-derived acyl lipids provided from primary metabolism and diverges with the conversion of linoleic acid (2C) to crepenynic acid (2E) with the installation of the initial acetylenic bond between C-12 and C-13. Desaturation of 2E to (14Z)-dehydrocrepenynic acid (2G) has been demonstrated in fungi but, with a couple of exceptions, 2G does not accumulate in plants [41,42]. Three H 2 equivalents are excised from 2G by a series of uncharacterized transformations leading to the triynoic acid 2M.…”

Section: 13mentioning

confidence: 99%

Biosynthesis and function of polyacetylenes and allied natural products

Minto

Blacklock

2008

Progress in Lipid Research

291

228

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Polyacetylenic natural products are a substantial class of often unstable compounds containing a unique carbon-carbon triple bond functionality, that are intriguing for their wide variety of biochemical and ecological functions, economic potential, and surprising mode of biosynthesis. Isotopic tracer experiments between 1960 and 1990 demonstrated that the majority of these compounds are derived from fatty acid and polyketide precursors. During the past decade, research into the metabolism of polyacetylenes has swiftly advanced, driven by the cloning of the first genes responsible for polyacetylene biosynthesis in plants, moss, fungi, and actinomycetes, and the initial characterization of the gene products.The current state of knowledge of the biochemistry and molecular genetics of polyacetylenic secondary metabolic pathways will be presented together with an up-to-date survey of new terrestrial and marine natural products, their known biological activities, and a discussion of their likely metabolic origins.

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New Tropical Seed Oils. IV—Component acids of leguminous and other seed oils including useful sources of crepenynic and dehydrocrepenynic acid

Abstract: The component acids of seed oils from 40 legumes and from 43 other species are reported. Attention is drawn to a series of Afzelia oils which provide a useful source of crepenynic acid and dehydrocrepenynic acid and to several Khaya and other oils of potential commercial value.

Cited by 43 publications

References 6 publications

Primary metabolism components of seeds from Brazilian Amazon tree species

Primary metabolism components of seeds from Brazilian Amazon tree species

Studies on seed oils of Garcinia kola and Calophyllum inophyllum

Biosynthesis and function of polyacetylenes and allied natural products

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