New Trends in Fast Liquid Chromatography

Abstract

Analytical laboratories are currently interested in enhancing overall productivity by increasing sample throughput and reducing analysis time. Different approaches are proposed in liquid chromatography (LC) to perform fast or ultra-fast separations with cycle times of less than 5 or 1 min, respectively. Among these approaches, the use of monolithic supports, high temperature LC (HTLC), short columns and ultra-performance LC (UPLC) are described and compared in this study. A comparison of the above LC approaches is presented through Knox curves and pressure plots based on experimental data. Fast separations of pharmaceutical compounds are presented in order to illustrate the interest of these techniques and compare them with conventional LC separations.

Enzymatic oxidation of ansa-ferrocifen leads to strong and selective thioredoxin reductase inhibition in vitro

“…We have ourselves synthesized derivatives of phenols, collectively called ferrocifens bearing an Fc-type redox antenna and an intramolecular electronic connection afforded by an olefin group (Chart S1) [3,4]. In the acyclic series the IC 50 values obtained on cancer cells for ferrocenyl mono, diphenol and tamoxifen like are in the order of 0.5 μM on MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells [5,6].…”

Practical comparison of LC columns packed with different superficially porous particles for the separation of small molecules and medium size natural products

“…The emergence of ultra‐high pressure liquid chromatography (UHPLC) instrumentation and the advent of columns packed with sub‐2‐μm particles have brought liquid chromatography development to a new era of high efficiency, high speed, and high throughput. Numerous advantages of UHPLC have been discussed extensively since the first commercialization of UHPLC instrument in 2004 1–5. Despite the outstanding features it can offer including high efficiency, short analysis time, and low solvent consumption, UHPLC has not become an industrial standard technique after many years of improvement in instrumentation and column performance.…”

Developments in Fast Liquid Chromatographic Analysis of Pharmaceuticals

“…[96][97][98] Thermally stable stationary phases commercially available for HTLC include silica-based columns containing hybrid or modified silica, metal oxide phases (zirconia-based), porous graphite carbon phases, and organic polymer-based phases. [99] It is critical to minimize the temperature mismatch between the mobile phase and the column for the analysis. There are some dedicated heating systems commercially available for analysis with temperatures up to 200 C. [100] The samples analyzed should be stable and not susceptible to thermal degradation at the temperature of the analysis; however, the time the analyte is exposed to high temperature is short and sample instability may not present an issue.…”