New Trends for Utilization of Rubber Wastes

Abstract

The scrape rubber is difficult to recycle, since it is not thermoplastic material. Consequently, it must be converted into a powder. The scrape rubber powder can be reused via different ways: a-Reclamation The reclamation process was studied. This process converts the rubber powder into elastic-plastic materials. The obtained reclaims were introduced into NR formulations. The obtained data reveal that, 10-30% reclaimed rubber can replace virgin NR without scarifying the basic properties of the rubber vulcanizates. In such way we can gain cost reduction. b-Reuse as filler-extender The rubber powder was treated with some oxidizing agents and namely HNO 3 and H 2 O 2 to modify its surface. The result of such treatment creates some functional groups such as carbonyl groups. The treated rubber powder was used as filler-extender in NR formulations. The treated rubber powder improves the tensile strength of the vulcanizates to some extent (62%). On the other hand, the treated powder was used in combinations with the classical reinforcing carbon black (HAF). The obtained results showed that, 20-40% of HAF can be replaced by the treated powder in NR mixes. The obtained vulcanizates have good physico-mechanical properties. In such way the production cost can be reduced. c-Utilization of sulfonated rubber powder as ion exchanger The rubber powder was sulfonated with Sulfuric and chlorosulfonic acids. The sulfonated product was evaluated as ion exchange resin to clear the industrial wastewater from heavy metals. The data showed that the Sodium salt form is more efficient ion exchanger than the acid form. d-Utilization in pavement The rubber powder is mixed with asphalt used in road pavement. The performance of asphalt concrete greatly depends on the particle size of the rubber powder used. The fine powder greatly improves the mechanical performance of the road pavement. The rubber powder was chemically modified. It was found that such modification had greatly improved the performance road pavement.

Design of self-healing styrene-butadiene rubber compounds with ground tire rubber-based reinforcing additives by means of DoE methodology

“…The antagonism is not proportional and the positive effect in the pristine state is more important (see the associated coefficients in equations 3 and 4 in Table 4). In addition to the stiffening effect of GTR in its basal mechanical properties, it has also been demonstrated that the curing behaviour is affected by the presence of GTR, through the migration of sulphur or accelerators between the vulcanised GTR and the matrix [36].…”

Effect of Mixing Method on Properties of Ethylene Vinyl Acetate Copolymer/Natural Rubber Thermoplastic Vulcanizates

“…Therefore, rubber products such as rubber tires and sealants, which are made from crosslinked rubber, cannot be recycled by conventional methods. One way to make use of them is that they need to be ground and mixed with other thermoplastics to be used as fillers [9,10]. However, there is one material that is elastic, similar to rubber, while it can be reprocessed similar to thermoplastics, which is called thermoplastic vulcanizate [11,12].…”