New therapeutic targets in pancreatic cancer

Lai, Eleonora; Puzzoni, Marco; Ziranu, Pina; Pretta, Andrea; Impera, Valentino; Mariani, Stefano; Liscia, Nicole; Soro, P; Musio, Francesca; Persano, Mara; Donisi, Clelia; Tolu, S.; Balconi, Francesca; Pireddu, Annagrazia; Demurtas, Laura; Pusceddu, Valeria; Camera, S.; Sclafani, Francesco; Scartozzi, Mario

doi:10.1016/j.ctrv.2019.101926

Cited by 79 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 100 publications

(108 reference statements)

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“…However, surgical treatment for patients with advanced pancreatic cancer is poor. 4 Also, the anatomical location of the pancreas is deep in the abdomen, thus most patients are diagnosed with advanced stages of pancreatic cancer. 5 It is, therefore, fairly vital to uncover new biomarkers for early diagnosis and targeted therapy for pancreatic cancer patients.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

<p>Expression Profile of GINS Complex Predicts the Prognosis of Pancreatic Cancer Patients</p>

Zhu

Yao

et al. 2020

OTT

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Background: The GINS complex has been implicated in the prognosis of various cancers. It comprises four subunits, encoded by GINS1, GINS2, GINS3, and GINS4 genes. Based on the current understanding, no report exists on the role of the GINS complex in pancreatic cancer. Methods: We employed various bioinformatics databases including GEPIA, UALCAN, GEPIA2, and Kaplan Meier Plotter to identify the expression profile of the four genes (GINS1, GINS2, GINS3, and GINS4), their correlation with pancreatic cancer grade as well as their prognostic value of in pancreatic cancer. Western blotting and qRT-PCR analyses were conducted to verify the expression profiles of the four genes in pancreatic cancer. CCK8 and EdU cell experiments were conducted to reveal the role played by the four genes in pancreatic cancer cell proliferation. Results: Based on GEPIA, Western blotting, and qRT-PCR analyses, all the four genes in the GINS complex were overexpressed in pancreatic cancer. Notably, the expression of each member was significantly associated with pancreatic cancer grade. The prognostic analysis revealed that not only the whole GINS complex but also each individual were prognostic biomarkers for pancreatic cancer. CCK8 and EdU experiments demonstrated that inhibition of the expression of each GINS member lowered pancreatic cancer cell proliferation. Conclusion: This work implicated GINS1, GINS2, GINS3, and GINS4 genes as critical prognostic markers for pancreatic cancer.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

<p>Expression Profile of GINS Complex Predicts the Prognosis of Pancreatic Cancer Patients</p>

Zhu

Yao

et al. 2020

OTT

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“…Everything that we have said and advocated so far, although evidence-based, will to some extent have a personalized basis [ 353 ]. Accordingly, one would expect the impact of the kind of measures highlighted here to vary from person to person and the molecular prolife of PDAC [ 9 , 354 , 355 , 356 ]. Consequently, there will be some degree of ‘hit-and-miss’, which patients (and professionals) will need to experiment with.…”

Section: Future Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Identifying cysts or abnormal structures within the pancreas through ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging or positron emission tomography often have insufficient sensitivity and selectivity to enable specific and effective therapy. Molecular characteristics of the disease are currently being elucidated in depth and used for diagnosis and subclassification, based upon novel biomarkers such as microRNAs, carbohydrate antigens and methylation biomarkers [ 9 , 10 ]. By such subclassification of PDAC, it may then be possible to determine which treatment will be most effective for an individual patient [ 11 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pancreatic Cancer (PDAC): Introduction of Evidence-Based Complementary Measures into Integrative Clinical Management

Jentzsch

Davis

Djamgoz

2020

Cancers

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The most common form of pancreatic cancer is pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), which comprises some 85% of all cases. Currently, this is the fourth highest cause of cancer mortality worldwide and its incidence is rising steeply. Commonly applied clinical therapies offer limited chance of a lasting cure and the five-year survival rate is one of the lowest of the commonly occurring cancers. This review cultivates the hypothesis that the best management of PDAC would be possible by integrating ‘western’ clinical medicine with evidence-based complementary measures. Protecting the liver, where PDAC frequently first spreads, is also given some consideration. Overall, the complementary measures are divided into three groups: dietary factors, nutraceutical agents and lifestyle. In turn, dietary factors are considered as general conditioners, multi-factorial foodstuffs and specific compounds. The general conditioners are alkalinity, low-glycemic index and low-cholesterol. The multi-factorial foodstuffs comprise red meat, fish, fruit/vegetables, dairy, honey and coffee. The available evidence for the beneficial effects of the specific dietary and nutraceutical agents was considered at four levels (in order of prominence): clinical trials, meta-analyses, in vivo tests and in vitro studies. Thus, 9 specific agents were identified (6 dietary and 3 nutraceutical) as acceptable for integration with gemcitabine chemotherapy, the first-line treatment for pancreatic cancer. The specific dietary agents were the following: Vitamins A, C, D and E, genistein and curcumin. As nutraceutical compounds, propolis, triptolide and cannabidiol were accepted. The 9 complementary agents were sub-grouped into two with reference to the main ‘hallmarks of cancer’. Lifestyle factors covered obesity, diabetes, smoking, alcohol and exercise. An integrative treatment regimen was devised for the management of PDAC patients. This involved combining first-line gemcitabine chemotherapy with the two sub-groups of complementary agents alternately in weekly cycles. The review concludes that integrated management currently offers the best patient outcome. Opportunities to be investigated in the future include emerging modalities, precision medicine, the nerve input to tumors and, importantly, clinical trials.

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“…It is currently the third leading cause of cancer-related death and is expected to become the second by 2030 [2]. New and effective therapeutic strategies for pancreatic tumor patients are urgently required: PDA is normally diagnosed at late stages, with poor prognosis following standard chemo/radiotherapy [3].…”

Section: Pancreatic Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

The Galectin Family as Molecular Targets: Hopes for Defeating Pancreatic Cancer

Manero-Rupérez

Martínez-Bosch

Barranco

et al. 2020

Cells

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Galectins are a family of proteins that bind β-galactose residues through a highly conserved carbohydrate recognition domain. They regulate several important biological functions, including cell proliferation, adhesion, migration, and invasion, and play critical roles during embryonic development and cell differentiation. In adults, different galectin members are expressed depending on the tissue type and can be altered during pathological processes. Numerous reports have shown the involvement of galectins in diseases, mostly inflammation and cancer. Here, we review the state-of-the-art of the role that different galectin family members play in pancreatic cancer. This tumor is predicted to become the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the next decade as there is still no effective treatment nor accurate diagnosis for it. We also discuss the possible translation of recent results about galectin expression and functions in pancreatic cancer into clinical interventions (i.e., diagnosis, prediction of prognosis and/or therapy) for this fatal disease.

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New therapeutic targets in pancreatic cancer

Cited by 79 publications

References 100 publications

<p>Expression Profile of GINS Complex Predicts the Prognosis of Pancreatic Cancer Patients</p>

<p>Expression Profile of GINS Complex Predicts the Prognosis of Pancreatic Cancer Patients</p>

Pancreatic Cancer (PDAC): Introduction of Evidence-Based Complementary Measures into Integrative Clinical Management

The Galectin Family as Molecular Targets: Hopes for Defeating Pancreatic Cancer

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