New Technologies for Rapid Bacterial Identification and Antibiotic Resistance Profiling

Kelley, Shana O.

doi:10.1177/2211068216680207

Cited by 34 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 89 publications

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“…In contrast to genotypic antibiotic resistance tests (ART) calling for prior knowledge of resistance determinants, phenotypic AST suggests antibiotics that would be effective against the micro-organisms tested [ 36 , 37 ]. The gel-modified electrodes enable different types of bacterial infections to be detected and the effect of antibiotics in their presence.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a Rapid, Antimicrobial Susceptibility Test for E. coli Based on Low-Cost, Screen-Printed Electrodes

et al. 2020

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Antibiotic resistance has been cited by the World Health Organisation (WHO) as one of the greatest threats to public health. Mitigating the spread of antibiotic resistance requires a multipronged approach with possible interventions including faster diagnostic testing and enhanced antibiotic stewardship. This study employs a low-cost diagnostic sensor test to rapidly pinpoint the correct antibiotic for treatment of infection. The sensor comprises a screen-printed gold electrode, modified with an antibiotic-seeded hydrogel to monitor bacterial growth. Electrochemical growth profiles of the common microorganism, Escherichia coli (E. coli) (ATCC 25922) were measured in the presence and absence of the antibiotic streptomycin. Results show a clear distinction between the E. coli growth profiles depending on whether streptomycin is present, in a timeframe of ≈2.5 h (p < 0.05), significantly quicker than the current gold standard of culture-based antimicrobial susceptibility testing. These results demonstrate a clear pathway to a low cost, phenotypic and reproducible antibiotic susceptibility testing technology for the rapid detection of E. coli within clinically relevant concentration ranges for conditions such as urinary tract infections.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a Rapid, Antimicrobial Susceptibility Test for E. coli Based on Low-Cost, Screen-Printed Electrodes

et al. 2020

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“…In addition to the widely used genetic markers, protein-, enzyme-, and metabolite-based molecular signatures can also be used for bacterial ID/AST using techniques such as immunoassays, MS, and Raman and infrared spectroscopy. 17,21 …”

Section: Bacterial Id/ast Test Principlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging Microtechnologies and Automated Systems for Rapid Bacterial Identification and Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing

Xing²,

Zhao

2017

SLAS Technology

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Rapid bacterial identification (ID) and antibiotic susceptibility testing (AST) are in great demand due to the rise of drug-resistant bacteria. Conventional culture-based AST methods suffer from a long turnaround time. By necessity, physicians often have to treat patients empirically with antibiotics, which has led to an inappropriate use of antibiotics, an elevated mortality rate and healthcare costs, and antibiotic resistance. Recent advances in miniaturization and automation provide promising solutions for rapid bacterial ID/AST profiling, which will potentially make a significant impact in the clinical management of infectious diseases and antibiotic stewardship in the coming years. In this review, we summarize and analyze representative emerging micro- and nanotechnologies, as well as automated systems for bacterial ID/AST, including both phenotypic (e.g., microfluidic-based bacterial culture, and digital imaging of single cells) and molecular (e.g., multiplex PCR, hybridization probes, nanoparticles, synthetic biology tools, mass spectrometry, and sequencing technologies) methods. We also discuss representative point-of-care (POC) systems that integrate sample processing, fluid handling, and detection for rapid bacterial ID/AST. Finally, we highlight major remaining challenges and discuss potential future endeavors toward improving clinical outcomes with rapid bacterial ID/AST technologies.

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“…However, meeting such unique demands in biological samples high in aqueous content requires a sophisticated, versatile, robust, and highly sensitive analytic platform. Within the current inventory of analytic tools, atomic force microscopy (AFM) has emerged to satisfy most of the requirements described above, and therefore, much research into the biomechanics of microbes has relied on the use of AFM ( Amro et al., 2000 ; Longo et al., 2013 ; Kelley, 2017 ; Kohler et al., 2019 ). This mini-review provides a brief understanding of the technique of AFM and investigates its possible applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) As a Surface Mapping Tool in Microorganisms Resistant Toward Antimicrobials: A Mini-Review

et al. 2020

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The worldwide emergence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in pathogenic microorganisms, including bacteria and viruses due to a plethora of reasons, such as genetic mutation and indiscriminate use of antimicrobials, is a major challenge faced by the healthcare sector today. One of the issues at hand is to effectively screen and isolate resistant strains from sensitive ones. Utilizing the distinct nanomechanical properties (e.g., elasticity, intracellular turgor pressure, and Young’s modulus) of microbes can be an intriguing way to achieve this; while atomic force microscopy (AFM), with or without modification of the tips, presents an effective way to investigate such biophysical properties of microbial surfaces or an entire microbial cell. Additionally, advanced AFM instruments, apart from being compatible with aqueous environments—as often is the case for biological samples—can measure the adhesive forces acting between AFM tips/cantilevers (conjugated to bacterium/virion, substrates, and molecules) and target cells/surfaces to develop informative force-distance curves. Moreover, such force spectroscopies provide an idea of the nature of intercellular interactions (e.g., receptor-ligand) or propensity of microbes to aggregate into densely packed layers, that is, the formation of biofilms —a property of resistant strains (e.g., Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ). This mini-review will revisit the use of single-cell force spectroscopy (SCFS) and single-molecule force spectroscopy (SMFS) that are emerging as powerful additions to the arsenal of researchers in the struggle against resistant microbes, identify their strengths and weakness and, finally, prioritize some future directions for research.

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New Technologies for Rapid Bacterial Identification and Antibiotic Resistance Profiling

Cited by 34 publications

References 89 publications

Development of a Rapid, Antimicrobial Susceptibility Test for E. coli Based on Low-Cost, Screen-Printed Electrodes

Development of a Rapid, Antimicrobial Susceptibility Test for E. coli Based on Low-Cost, Screen-Printed Electrodes

Emerging Microtechnologies and Automated Systems for Rapid Bacterial Identification and Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing

Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) As a Surface Mapping Tool in Microorganisms Resistant Toward Antimicrobials: A Mini-Review

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