New technologies and reagents in lateral flow assay (LFA) designs for enhancing accuracy and sensitivity

Abstract

Lateral flow assays (LFAs) are a popular method for quick and affordable diagnostic testing because they are easy to use, portable, and user-friendly. However, LFAs design has always faced challenges...

AI-Enhanced Visual-Spectral Synergy for Fast and Ultrasensitive Biodetection of Breast Cancer-Related miRNAs

“…This leads to the aggregation of GNPs at the test line on the paper strip, resulting in distinct red bands. , Despite providing rapid visual detection support for miRNA, LFAs have lower sensitivity compared to PCR, limiting their widespread application in the biomedical field. Therefore, the development of analytical methods that enhance lateral flow detection sensitivity is crucial. , In recent years, various signal amplification techniques, such as increasing the surface area of signal labels, enzyme-linked labeling, and catalytic hairpin assembly, have been applied to enhance the color intensity of signal labels, making it possible to lower the detection limit of lateral flow analysis. , Additionally, researchers using fluorescence, thermal contrast, and SERS, among others, as signal labels instead of GNP coloration, have further propelled quantitative and highly sensitive detection in LFAs. , …”

“…30,33 Additionally, researchers using fluorescence, thermal contrast, and SERS, among others, as signal labels instead of GNP coloration, have further propelled quantitative and highly sensitive detection in LFAs. 10,34 Currently, fluorescent nanodiamonds (FNDs) have gained attention due to their advantages in particle size, fluorescence stability, and spin properties. The applications of FNDs in the biomedical field primarily involve ultrasensitive sensing and detection of biomolecules, imaging, and drug delivery.…”

A simplified lateral flow immunosensor for the assay of carcinoembryonic antigen in low-resource settings

“…On the other hand, lateral flow immunoassays operate on a simplified protocol in which the sample migrates along a strip and the target antigen undergoes an immunoreaction at a narrow test zone modified with a capture antibody, resulting in an analytical signal. 24–28 This operational principle has many advantages in terms of the operational characteristics and the analytical features of the assay. Lateral flow immunoassays do not require washing steps or addition of reagents, as they rely on unidirectional spontaneous flow of the sample and on reagents immobilized on the strip.…”

Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification and Lateral Flow Immunochromatography Technology for Rapid Diagnosis of Influenza A/B

“…This approach allows for the simultaneous detection of multiple targets within a single analysis, significantly enhancing diagnostic efficiency and costeffectiveness. Furthermore, the recent development of digital readers and smartphone-based applications for LFA reading technologies is extending from qualitative to semi-quantitative analysis, improving the precision and reliability of LFAs [17,18]. Therefore, the development of a multiplex LAMP-LFA enables the simultaneous detection of multiple targets within a single assay, significantly improving diagnostic efficiency and cost-effectiveness.…”