New System for Grape Growing under High Density Planting using Fertigation System with Plastic Mulch

Abstract

This study was conducted to develop a new growing system that combines high density planting and fertigation of grapevines in order to achieve early establishment, and increased production of high quality fruits. Characteristics of the new system include; 1) absence of root restriction, 2) planting more than 800 per 10 a of own-rooted vines, 3) mulching under a canopy of water-proof plastic sheeting, and 4) supply of water and nutrient solution automatically using equipment comprised of an irrigation system, nutrient solution mixing machine and drip tubes. Both 'Pione' and 'Aurora Black' grapevines (Vitis labrusca × V. vinifera) yielded fruits as well as mature vineyard in the second year after planting. When the effects of shoot density on fruit quality and yields of grapevines under this system were investigated, fruits with superior berry size, sugar content and skin color were produced with a combination of 15 clusters and 10 to 20 shoots per meter of fruiting cane. Based on fruit quality and yields obtained over three years periods, we developed a standard model for irrigation and fertilization year-around year.