New suoid fossils (Mammalia, Artiodactyla) from the Miocene of Moghara, Egypt, and Gebel Zelten, Libya: biochronological implications

Abstract

Some undescribed suoid specimens from early and middle Miocene deposits at Moghara, Egypt, and Gebel Zelten, Libya, are of interest for biochronology. The fossils comprise maxillae and mandibles with incomplete dentitions, which are described and illustrated in detail. Three species of suids and one sanithere occur at Moghara. A huge edentulous suid mandible was collected at Gebel Zelten in 1997 during the Spanish-Libyan Palaeontology Expedition. In January, 2020, additional sanithere fossils were collected from Moghara by a team from Cairo University and the Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris. A suid mandible with four teeth collected from Moghara in 1994, and now curated at the Cairo Geological Museum, confirms the presence of the species Libycochoerus massai at the site, previously represented by an isolated upper molar and two canines. A talus previously thought to be from Moghara is now known to have been collected at Wadi Natrun (late Miocene) and thus probably represents a tetraconodont rather than a kubanochoere. The age of the Moghara deposits is estimated to span the period ca. 19.5–16.5 Ma (late early Miocene, Faunal Sets PII–PIIIa) and the Zelten sequence is most likely to span the period ca. 17–14.5 Ma (late early Miocene to basal middle Miocene, Faunal Sets PIIIa–PIIIb).

Tetraconodont dental remains (Suidae, Tetraconodontinae) from the Middle Miocene site of Ca l’Almirall (Vallès-Penedès Basin, NE Iberian Peninsula)

“…Dental measurements for the comparative sample were taken from the literature for the following species and fossil sites: V. steinheimensis from La Grive-Saint-Alban and Steinheim, V. grivensis from Anwil, Gratkorn, and La Grive-Saint-Alban, and P. valentini from Charmoille, Hinterauerbach bei Wartenberg, Hollabrunn, Klein Hadersdorf, Pitten, Kleineisenbach, Mira, Saint-Gaudens (including Valentine Quarry), Sant Quirze, Tutzing, and Wartenberg bei Erding (Pickford , 2016; C. simorrensis from Alhambra, Carpetana, Channay, Käpfnach, Le Fousseret, Pischelsberg, Przeworno 2, St. Oswald, Urlau, and Villefranche d'Astarac (Ginsburg 1977;Kubiak 1981;Van der Made 1989, 2020Van der Made and Morales 2003;Pickford 2013aPickford , 2016; and Conohyus doati from Gaiselberg, Gau-Weinheim, El Buste, Fonte do Pinheiro, and Nuri Yamut (Van der Made 1989; Van der Made and Tuna 1999;Pickford 2013bPickford , 2016. Both P. valentini and C. doati, which are recorded in MN7+8 and MN9 sites (Pickford 2016), were considered by Van der Made (2020) junior subjective synonyms of C. simorrensis, which sensu Pickford and Laurent (2014; see also Pickford , 2016 would be mainly recorded at MN6 and MN7+8 sites (except for the MN9 site of Doué-la-Fontaine; Pickford 2016).…”