“…Nineteen aldehydes, namely, benzaldehyde, butanal, decanal, dodecanal, heptanal, hexanal, ( Z )-3-hexenal, ( E )-2-hexenal, 2-methylpropanal, 3-methylbutanal, nonanal, octanal, ( E )-2-octanal, phenylacetaldehyde, pentanal, propanal, tridecanal, 4-methoxybenzaldehyde, and undecanal were found as root volatile compounds in A. lappa (Washino et al, 1986, 1987; Wang et al, 2004). Interestingly, only the alkyl aldehyde nonanal was present in all plant parts such as roots, leaves, and seeds (Washino et al, 1986, 1987).…”