New Strategy for Synthesis and Functionalization of Carbon Nanoparticles

Jiang, Hongjie; Chen, Feng; Lagally, M. G.; Dénès, F.

doi:10.1021/la9022163

Cited by 137 publications

(93 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…Nature and concentration of the terminating species can vary depending on the carbon precursor, carbonization temperature or chemical post-treatment. [48][49][50][51][52][53] The terminating species also provide possible sites for chemical reactions with the metal (hydride) phase. Fig.…”

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confidence: 99%

The impact of carbon materials on the hydrogen storage properties of light metal hydrides

2011

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The safe and efficient storage of hydrogen is still one of the remaining challenges towards fuel cell powered cars. Metal hydrides are a promising class of materials as they allow the storage of large amounts of hydrogen in a small volume at room temperature and low pressures. However, usually the kinetics of hydrogen release and uptake and the thermodynamic properties do not satisfy the requirements for practical applications. Therefore current research focuses on catalysis and the thermodynamic tailoring of metal hydride systems. Surprisingly, carbon materials used as additive or support are very effective to improve the hydrogen storage properties of metal hydrides allowing fast kinetics and even a change in the thermodynamic properties. Even though the underlying mechanisms are not always well understood, the beneficial effect is probably related to the peculiar structure of the carbon materials. This feature article gives an introduction to the different carbon materials, an overview of the preparation strategies to synthesize carbon/hydride nanocomposites, and highlights the beneficial effect of carbon by discussing two important hydrides: MgH 2 and NaAlH 4 .

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confidence: 99%

The impact of carbon materials on the hydrogen storage properties of light metal hydrides

2011

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“…History Carbon dots (or carbon nanodots), surface-functionalized small carbon nanoparticles (Sun et al 2006; Cao et al 2007; Bourlinos et al 2008a, b; Tian et al 2009; Hu et al 2009; Peng and Travas-Sejdic 2009; Jiang et al 2009; Wang et al 2010a, c; Li et al 2010a, b; Qiao et al 2010; Li et al 2011a, b), were first reported in 2006 (Sun et al 2006). These colorless and non-luminescing nanoparticles only become light emitters after being passivated with colorless simple organic molecules that themselves also do not emit light.…”

Section: Carbon Dotsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular imaging with nanoparticles: the dwarf actors revisited 10 years later

Thurner

Debbage

2018

Histochem Cell Biol

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We explore present-day trends and challenges in nanomedicine. Creativity in the laboratories continues: the published literature on novel nanoparticles is now vast. Nanoagents are discussed here which are composed entirely of strongly photoluminescent materials, tunable to desired optical properties and of inherently low toxicity. We focus on “quantum nanoparticles” prepared from allotropes of carbon. The principles behind strong, tunable photoluminescence are quantum mechanical: we present them in simple outline. The major industries racing to develop these materials can offer significant technical guidance to nanomedicine, which could help to custom-design strongly signalling nanoagents specifically for stated clinical applications. Since such agents are small, they can be targeted easily, making active targeting possible. We consider it timely now to study the interactions nanoparticles undergo with tissue components in living animals and to learn to understand and overcome the numerous barriers the organism interposes between the blood and targets in or on parenchymal cells. As the near infra-red spectrum opens up, detection of glowing nanoparticles several centimeters deep in a living human subject becomes calculable and we present a simple way to do this. Finally, we discuss the slow-fuse and resource-inefficient entry of nanoparticles into clinical application. A first possible reason is failure to target across the body’s barriers, see above. Second, in the sparse translational landscape funding and support gaps yawn widely between academic research and subsequent development. We consider the agendas of the numerous “stakeholders” participating in this sad landscape and point to some faint glimmers of hope for the future.

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“…31 Physical methods include arc discharge, 32 laser ablation, 33,34 and plasma treatment. 35 Out of these methods, acidic oxidation has been proved to be an effective and convenient way for synthesis of CD with sufficient fluorescence quantum yield 35 (Φ s ) without elaborate apparatus. Currently, with the rapid development of synthesis methods, functionalised or doped CD has become a hot topic since functionalising or doping heteroatoms into CD can effectively tune the intrinsic properties of CD.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low temperature synthesis of phosphorous and nitrogen co-doped yellow fluorescent carbon dots for sensing and bioimaging

et al. 2015

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Phosphorous and nitrogen co-doped carbon dots (P,N-CD) with satisfactory quantum yield have been prepared through one-step acidic oxidation of pumpkin by H 3 PO 4 at low temperature (90 o C). The asprepared P,N-CD is relatively monodisperse with a narrow size distribution. The P,N-CD displays a remarkable emission enhancement in the yellow fluorescence region (λ em = 550 nm) when the pH is 10 increased from 1.5 to 7.4. The pK a of P,N-CD was found to be 4.17 and it shows linear response to physiological range of pH 4.7-7.4, which is valuable for near-neutral cytosolic pH research. It is observed that P,N-CD is a superior fluorescent bioimaging agent in animals and cells thanks to its excellent solubility and ultra-low toxicity. In addition, P,N-CD displays a notably large Stokes shift of 125 nm, good reversibility and could effectively avoid the influence of autofluorescence in biological systems. 15 The confocal fluorescent microscopic images of subcellular distribution and the detection of pH in MCF-7 cells were achieved successfully, suggesting that P,N-CD has excellent cell membrane permeability and is further applied successfully to monitor pH fluctuations in live cells with negligible autofluorescence. 65 Recently, there has been a trend to synthesise doped CD from natural biomass as they are inexpensive, inexhaustible and nontoxic. Several successful demonstrations were given to prepare nanomaterials using biomass materials which had many potential applications. 7,[42][43][44] We are interested in developing 70 convenient ways to synthesise P,N-CD from environmentally friendly materials and simple apparatus. As we all know, pumpkin abounds with carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, sulfur, and hydrogen elements owing to the existence of carbohydrate, protein, lipid, and glutathione. Thus, we anticipate 75 that this natural material should be a promising precursor for

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New Strategy for Synthesis and Functionalization of Carbon Nanoparticles

Cited by 137 publications

References 58 publications

The impact of carbon materials on the hydrogen storage properties of light metal hydrides

The impact of carbon materials on the hydrogen storage properties of light metal hydrides

Molecular imaging with nanoparticles: the dwarf actors revisited 10 years later

Low temperature synthesis of phosphorous and nitrogen co-doped yellow fluorescent carbon dots for sensing and bioimaging

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