New species of unicellular obligate parasite, Olpidiopsis pyropiae sp. nov., that plagues Pyropia sea farms in Korea

Klochkova, Tatyana A.; Shin, Yoon Ju; Moon, Kyoung-Hyoun; Motomura, Taizo; Kim, Gwang Hoon

doi:10.1007/s10811-015-0595-4

Cited by 35 publications

(33 citation statements)

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“…Specimens of oomycetes were deposited in the Cornell Plant Pathology Herbarium as described previously (Klochkova et al. , Kwak et al. ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genetic toolkits of the red alga Pyropia tenera against the three most common diseases in Pyropia farms

Klochkova

Lee

et al. 2019

Journal of Phycology

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Disease outbreaks devastate Pyropia aquaculture farms every year. The three most common and serious diseases are Olpidiopsis‐blight and red‐rot disease caused by oomycete pathogens and green‐spot disease caused by the PyroV1 virus. We hypothesized that a basic genetic profile of molecular defenses will be revealed by comparing and analyzing the genetic response of Pyropia tenera against the above three pathogens. RNAs isolated from infected thalli were hybridized onto an oligochip containing 15,115 primers designed from P. tenera expressed sequence tags (EST)s. Microarray profiles of the three diseases were compared and interpreted together with histochemical observation. Massive amounts of reactive oxygen species accumulated in P. tenera cells exposed to oomycete pathogens. Heat shock genes and serine proteases were the most highly up‐regulated genes in all infection experiments. Genes involved in RNA metabolism, ribosomal proteins and antioxidant metabolism were also highly up‐regulated. Genetic profiles of P. tenera in response to pathogens were most similar between the two biotrophic pathogens, Olpidiopsis pyropiae and PyroV1 virus. A group of plant resistance genes were specifically regulated against each pathogen. Our results suggested that disease response in P. tenera consists of a general constitutive defense and a genetic toolkit against specific pathogens.

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“…Specimens of oomycetes were deposited in the Cornell Plant Pathology Herbarium as described previously (Klochkova et al. , Kwak et al. ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…, Klochkova et al. , Kwak et al. ), and a chloroplast RNA virus, PyroV1, was recently described as a pathogen causing green‐spot disease (Kim et al.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic toolkits of the red alga Pyropia tenera against the three most common diseases in Pyropia farms

Klochkova

Lee

et al. 2019

Journal of Phycology

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“…Distinct bleached patches on the algal blades characterize the initial infections. The diversity of Olpidiopsis is beginning to be described using molecular tools, with the recognition of new species, such as O. pyropiae from Korean farms (Klochkova et al, 2016;Sekimoto et al, 2008), in addition to the Japanese O. porphyrae.…”

Section: Stramenopiles -Oomycetes As Algal Parasitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Not in your usual Top 10: protists that infect plants and algae

Schwelm

Badstöber

Bulman

et al. 2017

Molecular Plant Pathology

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“…& M. Sasaki and Olpidiopsis pyropiae G. H. Kim & T. A. Klochkova, respectively (Kim et al 2014, Klochkova et al 2016b. Algal pathogens of Pyropia have been reported for a closely related species, Pythium chondricola De Cock (Lee et al 2015), an oomycete first described from Chondrus crispus Stackhouse in the Netherlands (De Cock 1986).…”

Section: Sampling and Isolationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Diseases like greenspot disease and Olpidiopsis blight as well as red-rot disease, result in a great decrease in productivity, yield and crop value (Kawamura et al 2005, Klochkova et al 2012, 2016b, Kim et al 2014. With increasing farming intensity and increasing temperatures, caused by global warming, disease severity and occurrence is also expected to increase (Ding andMa 2005, Gachon et al 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infection and cox2 sequence of Pythium chondricola (Oomycetes) causing red rot disease in Pyropia yezoensis (Rhodophyta) in Korea

Lee

Jee

Son

et al. 2017

ALGAE

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Geographic distributions of pathogens are affected by dynamic processes involving host susceptibility, availability and abundance. An oomycete, Pythium porphyrae, is the causative agent of red rot disease, which plagues Pyropia farms in Korea and Japan almost every year and causes serious economic damage. We isolated an oomycete pathogen infecting Pyropia plicata from a natural population in Wellington, New Zealand. The pathogen was identified as Pythium porphyrae using cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 and internal transcribed spacer of the rDNA cistron molecular markers. Susceptibility test showed that this Pythium from New Zealand was able to infect several different species and genera of Bangiales including Pyropia but is not able to infect their sporophytic (conchocelis) phases. The sequences of the isolated New Zealand strain were also identical to Pythium chondricola from Korea and the type strain from the Netherlands. Genetic species delimitation analyses found no support for separating P. porphyrae from P. chondricola, nor do we find morphological characters to distinguish them. We propose that Pythium chondricola be placed in synonymy with P. porphyrae. It appears that the pathogen of Pyropia, both in aquaculture in the northern hemisphere and in natural populations in the southern hemisphere is one species.Key Words: Bangia; Bangiales; DNA barcoding; host specificity; Porphyra; Pythium chondricola; Rhodophyta; species delimitation; synonymization; taxonomy INTRODUCTIONAquaculture of marine algae is an important industry, especially in Asia. The production of seaweeds more than doubled between 2000 and 2012 (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations 2014). The red alga Pyropia is the most consumed alga in the world, both for food and in the biomedical industry (e.g., porphyran, pycobilliproteins) (Gachon et al. 2010). In 2013, Pyropia made up about 1.8 million tons which is about 8% of the total global seaweed production, with values of US $1.2 billion (FAO FishStat et al. 2016).Pyropia cultivation losses amount to over US $10 million annually from different diseases (Gachon et al. 2010, Blouin et al. 2011, Kim et al. 2014. Diseases like greenspot disease and Olpidiopsis blight as well as red-rot disease, result in a great decrease in productivity, yield and crop value (Kawamura et al. 2005, Klochkova et al. 2012, 2016b, Kim et al. 2014. With increasing farming intensity and increasing temperatures, caused by global warming, disease severity and occurrence is also expected to increase (Ding and Ma 2005, Gachon et al. 2010).Received January 17, 2017, Accepted February 25, 2017 *Corresponding Author E-mail: joe.zuccarello@vuw.ac.nz Tel: This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. 30 well investigated in aquacultural settings (e.g., Park ...

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New species of unicellular obligate parasite, Olpidiopsis pyropiae sp. nov., that plagues Pyropia sea farms in Korea

Cited by 35 publications

References 19 publications

Genetic toolkits of the red alga Pyropia tenera against the three most common diseases in Pyropia farms

Genetic toolkits of the red alga Pyropia tenera against the three most common diseases in Pyropia farms

Not in your usual Top 10: protists that infect plants and algae

Infection and cox2 sequence of Pythium chondricola (Oomycetes) causing red rot disease in Pyropia yezoensis (Rhodophyta) in Korea

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