New species of Lepanthes (Orchidaceae)

Abstract

In the following new descriptions of species of Lepanthes, the sheaths of the secondary stems are referred to as '"'lepanthiform,'' a concept derived from the peculiar morphology of the sheaths typical for the genus. The secondary stems are enclosed by a series of tubular, ribbed, more or less imbricating sheaths with oblique, more or less dilated, margined ostia, and the ribs and margined ostia are grossly or microscopically ciliate or scabrous, occasionally glabrous. Lepanthiform stems are also found exclusively in Lepanthopsis (Cogn.) Ames and Trichosalpinx Luer.The flowers are described from the customary resupinate position, although the flowers are often looked upon by authors as non-resupinate. The position is purely arbitrary, depending upon from which perspective the flower is viewed on a pendent, horizontal, or erect rachis. When the flower reclines upon the leaf, either dorsally or ventrally, the lateral sepals are usually pointed toward the surface of the leaf, indicating a resupinate position, even though the leaf may stand erect, in which case the flower becomes nonresupinate if viewed from "'behind,"' Therefore, the unpaired middle sepal is described as dorsal in the following descriptions of new species. The dorsal sepal is three-veined unless stated otherwise; the lateral sepals are two-veined unless stated otherwise.The floral parts are often vividly multicolored, but these colors are not diagnostic. The colors vary greatly from population to population, and even among plants within a limited area. The colors given in the descriptions apply only to that particular plant. The degree of pubescence of the floral parts is also variable, depending upon the magnification. Even '"'glabrous"' parts become cellular pubescent under strong magnification.The petals are commonly transversely oblong or bilobed. The "'upper"' lobe is the lobe toward the dorsal sepal, the "'lower"' lobe is the lobe toward the lateral sepals. The ''length"' is the short distance from side to side; the "width" is the longer dimension from tip to tip.The lip of most species is so highly specialized that certain features require descriptive terminology for standardization of descriptions. In section Lepanthes, by far the largest, the lip is divided into two halves, or lobes, each of which consists of a blade, or lamina, borne by amore or less wedge-shaped, erect '"'connective.'' The united bases of these connectives form the ''body" with an anterior "'sinus,'' the angle of junction; posteriorly the body is connate to the under surface of the footless column. The free limbs of the connectives, one to either side of the column, carry the blades to parallel positions beside or above the column. The ''apex'' of the blade is the end nearer the anther, or toward the lateral sepals; the ''base'' of the blade is the end toward the dorsal sepal. The ''appendix,"' the extremely modified middle lobe of the lip, is a tiny organ, often intricately sculpted, somewhere on the under surface of the body of the joined connectives, or more often at t...

Un nuevo registro para Lepanthes (Orchidaceae) de México y clarificación del estatus taxonómico de Lepanthes quetzalensis

“…Durante un estudio en desarrollo para determinar la distribución altitudinal de epífitas vasculares en la Reserva de la Biósfera El Triunfo, en el estado de Chiapas, se recolectaron ejemplares de Orchidaceae pertenecientes al género Lepanthes. Cuando el material fue examinado para su determinación, comparándolo con las especies del género reportadas para México y Guatemala en la literatura especializada (Archila, 2001(Archila, , 2002Catling y Salazar, 1994;Luer, 1990Luer, , 1991Salazar y Soto, 1996;Solano, 2003;Soto, 2003;Soto y Solano, 2003a, b), se encontró que correspondían a taxones que no habían sido registrados en la flora mexicana, o al menos no con un nombre considerado con estatus correcto: Lepanthes fratercula Luer et Béhar y Lepanthes quetzalensis Luer et Béhar. La región de Chiapas donde fueron recolectados estos ejemplares, el Soconusco, ha sido relativamente bien explorada botánicamente desde hace 8 décadas, especialmente para epífitas vasculares (Damon, Almeida-Cerino, Valle-Mora, Bertolini y López-Urbina, 2015;Long y Heath, 1991;Martínez-Meléndez, Pérez-Farrera y Farrera-Sarmiento, 2008;Martínez-Meléndez, Pérez-Farrera y Martínez-Camilo, 2009; Martínez-Meléndez, Martínez-Camilo, Pérez-Farrera y Martínez-Meléndez, 2011; Martínez-Camilo, Pérez-Farrera y Matuda, 1950a, b;Pérez-Farrera, 2004;Pérez-Farrera y Miceli-Méndez, 2004;Pérez-Farrera, Martínez-Camilo, Martínez-Meléndez, Farrera-Sarmiento y Maza-Villalobos, 2012;Solano et al, 2016).…”

“…Lepanthes fratercula fue descrita en 1990 a partir de ejemplares recolectados en los departamentos de Baja Verapaz y Jalapa, Guatemala (Luer, 1990). Posteriormente, Mó-Mó y Ruiz-Cruz (2012) descubrieron otra localidad guatemalteca en Alta Verapaz y recientemente fue registrada también en el occidente de Honduras, en el departamento de Lempira (Vega, Cetzal-Ix, Mó-Mó y Romero-Soler, 2016).…”

“…Lepanthes quetzalensis también fue descrita en 1990 a partir de ejemplares de Guatemala recolectados en los departamentos de Alta y Baja Verapaz (Luer, 1990). Mó-Mó y Ruíz-Cruz (2012) descubrieron posteriormente una población adicional en Alta Verapaz, por lo que se consideraba como un endemismo guatemalteco.…”

Orquídeas de Bolivia y Perú, novedades taxonómicas I (Pleurothallidinae)

“…Desde inicios de la década de 1980 hasta mediados del 2000 la publicación de nuevos taxa fue constante, especialmente en los trabajos de R. Vásquez con C. Luer y C.H. Dodson (ver Luer 1981, 1983a, 1983b, 1995, 1997, 1999, 2001, Dodson & Vásquez 1989a, 1989b, Vásquez & Dodson 1982, 1998, 1999, 2001, lo cual condujo a que la subtribu Pleurothallidinae sean las orquídeas mejor conocidas del país (Vásquez & Ibisch, 2000). Aunque la descripción de nuevas especies o registros no ha cesado, la intensidad ha disminuido en los últimos años.…”

Lepanthes miraculum (Orchidaceae), a new addition to the Peruvian orchid flora

“…During explorations in the Machu Picchu Historical Sanctuary (Cusco, southern Peru), the Inka Terra Association team discovered plants of a Lepanthes species with flowers unusual in their size and morphology, later determined to be Lepanthes miraculum Luer & R. Vásquez. This species was only known from a few collections in the province of Chapare (Cochabamba, Bolivia), and no further details have been given about this species since its publication (Luer 1983). Here, we report L. miraculum as a new addition to the orchid flora of Peru and provide details of the new population, including an updated description and distribution map, and a line drawing and in situ photographs based on the Peruvian specimens.…”