New species of Hyphessobrycon from the Rio Teles Pires, Rio Tapajós basin, Brazil (Ostariophysi, Characiformes)

Abstract

A new species of Hyphessobrycon from the upper Rio Tapajós basin, in the Tapajós-Juruena ecoregion, is described. Hyphessobrycon pinnistriatus n. sp. is distinguished from its congeners by having a black, oblique stripe extending from the origin of the second branched ray to the distal end of the third branched anal-fin ray, lacking a conspicuous black midlateral stripe on the body, inner premaxillary teeth with up to seven cusps, and fins normally hyaline or with scattered chromatophores. The description of a new species that is restricted to the Tapajós-Juruena ecoregion is consistent with this region being an area of high endemism of freshwater fishes.

A new species of Hyphessobrycon Durbin from northeastern Brazil: evidence from morphological data and DNA barcoding (Characiformes, Characidae)

“…Despite Hyphessobrycon , as defined today, being a non-monophyletic group (Mirande 2010, Oliveira et al 2011, Carvalho et al 2017, Ohara et al 2017, Moreira and Lima 2017), a few putative groups within the genus were proposed in the literature. One such case is the Hyphessobrycon sensu stricto as defined by Carvalho (2011) and Cavalho and Malabarba (2015).…”

“…The morphological data was based on both examined material (see Comparative material examined) and the literature (e.g., Géry 1977, Géry and Uj 1987, Costa and Géry 1994, Plaquete et al 1996, Weitzman and Palmer 1997, Zarske 2008, Hein 2009, Carvalho 2011, Lima et al 2013, Zarske 2014, Carvalho and Malabarba 2015, Carvalho et al 2017). The data obtained by this method are presented in the diagnosis section of results.…”

“…It is widely distributed along the river basins of the Neotropical region, from southern Mexico to the La Plata River basin in northeastern Argentina (Carvalho and Malabarba 2015, Teixeira et al 2015, Garcia-Alzate et al 2017), with highest diversity in the Amazon basin (Miquelarena and López 2006, Lima et al 2013, Bragança et al 2015, Carvalho and Malabarba 2015, Marinho et al 2016, Carvalho et al 2017, Moreira and Lima 2017). …”

“…Extensive data show that Hyphessobrycon is not a monophyletic group (Carvalho et al 2017, Moreira and Lima 2017). It was diagnosed by an artificial combination of character states proposed by Eigenmann (1917), such as: the presence of an adipose fin; maxillary with few teeth or none; lateral line incomplete; third infraorbital bone not in contact with the sensory canal of the preopercle; premaxillary with two series of teeth; and caudal-fin lobes without scales at the base.…”

“…It was diagnosed by an artificial combination of character states proposed by Eigenmann (1917), such as: the presence of an adipose fin; maxillary with few teeth or none; lateral line incomplete; third infraorbital bone not in contact with the sensory canal of the preopercle; premaxillary with two series of teeth; and caudal-fin lobes without scales at the base. Nevertheless, new species descriptions continue to follow this artificial combination (e.g., Ohara et al 2017, Garcia-Alzate et al 2017, Carvalho et al 2017, Moreira and Lima 2017). …”