New species of Cyphocharax (Characiformes: Curimatidae) from the upper rio Negro, Amazon basin

Abstract

A new species of Cyphocharax, Curimatidae, apparently endemic to the blackwater upper rio Negro of the Amazon basin in northern Brazil, is described. The new species is readily distinguished from its congeners by the presence of a distinctly longitudinally elongate, posteriorly vertically expanding patch of dark pigmentation along the midlateral surface of the caudal peduncle, with the patch extending from the base of the middle caudal-fin rays anteriorly past the vertical through the posterior terminus of the adipose fin. The new species additionally differs from all congeners in details of body and fin pigmentation and meristic and morphometric ratios. Evidence for the assignment of the species to Cyphocharax and the occurrence of other species of the Curimatidae apparently endemic to the upper rio Negro catchment is discussed.Uma espécie nova de Cyphocharax, Curimatidae, aparentemente endêmica das águas escuras do rio Negro, bacia amazônica no norte do Brasil, é descrita. A espécie nova é prontamente distinguida de suas congêneres pela presença de uma mancha escura distintamente alongada longitudinalmente e posteriormente expandida na vertical ao longo da superfície lateral do pedúnculo caudal, sendo estendida da base dos raios medianos da nadadeira caudal até a linha vertical do término da nadadeira adiposa. Adicionalmente, a espécie nova difere de todas as congêneres nos detalhes do corpo, pigmentação das nadadeiras e nas proporções merísticas e morfométricas. As evidências para alocação da espécie no gênero Cyphocharax e a ocorrência de outras espécies de Curimatidae aparentemente endêmicas do alto rio Negro são discutidas.

Cryptic species in the Neotropical fish genus Curimatopsis (Teleostei, Characiformes)

“…This is clearly evidenced in the curimatid genera Cyphocharax and Steindachnerina (Vari & Blackledge ; Vari & Chang ; Lucinda & Vari ; Vari et al . , ; Netto‐Ferreira & Vari ; Wosiacki & Miranda ; Melo & Vari ).…”

A morphological supermatrix‐based phylogeny for the Neotropical fish superfamily Anostomoidea (Ostariophysi: Characiformes): phylogeny, missing data and homoplasy

“…This updates the matrix used in Sidlauskas (). Six described species in the Curimatidae̶ Cyphocharax aninha , Cyphocharax biocellatus , Cyphocharax derhami , Cyphocharax pinnilepis , Cyphocharax sanctigabrielis and Steindachnerina corumbae (Wosiacki and Miranda, ; Vari et al, ; Vari and Chang, ; Vari et al, ; Melo and Vari, ; Pavanelli and Britski, , respectively)̶are not included due to the absence of phylogenetically informative data in the original descriptions; largely due to the lack of the necessary osteological preparations. Hemiodus argenteus and Parodon suborbitalis were included as outgroups.…”

A New Species of Cyphocharax Fowler (Teleostei: Curimatidae) from the Rio Xingu, Brazil

“…The curimatid genus Cyphocharax Fowler (1906) includes 47 species that are broadly distributed across the Neotropics, from rivers draining the Pacific slope of southern Costa Rica to estuarine rivers and lagoons of the lower Río de La Plata drainage in northeastern Argentina (Vari, 1992a; Vari, 2003; Fricke et al, 2023). The diversity of the genus currently places it as the seventh richest within the Characiformes, and the 15th species-rich genus in the Amazon basin (Dagosta and de Pinna, 2019), with more than 20 known species of Cyphocharax , several of which have been formally described over the past few decades (Vari, 1992a; Vari and Blackledge, 1996; Vari and Chang, 2006; Vari et al, 2012; Wosiacki and Miranda, 2013; Melo and Vari, 2014; Melo, 2017; Bortolo et al, 2018; Bortolo and Lima, 2020). The discovery and subsequent descriptions of new species of Cyphocharax are particularly correlated with the substantial increase of sampling efforts in many Amazonian regions, and the continuous reexamination of various species complexes within the Curimatidae (Melo et al, 2016; Melo and Oliveira, 2017), such as the Cyphocharax spilurus clade (Melo et al, 2018).…”