New Species of Arostrilepis (Eucestoda: Hymenolepididae) In Members of Cricetidae and Geomyidae (Rodentia) from the Western Nearctic

Abstract

: Specimens originally identified as Arostrilepis horrida from the Nearctic are revised, contributing to the recognition of a complex of cryptic species distributed across the Holarctic region. Previously unrecognized species are described based on specimens in cricetid (Neotominae) and geomyid rodents. Arostrilepis mariettavogeae n. sp. in Peromyscus californicus from Monterey County, California and Arostrilepis schilleri n. sp. in Thomomys bulbivorus from Corvallis, Oregon are characterized. Consistent with recent studies defining diversity in the genus, form, size, and spination (pattern, shape, and size) of the cirrus are diagnostic; species are further distinguished by the relative position and length of the cirrus sac and arrangement of the testes. Species of Arostrilepis have not previously been described in rodents outside of the Arvicolinae or from localities in the Nearctic. These studies emphasize the need for routine deposition of archival specimens and information, from survey, ecological, and biogeographic studies, in museum collections to serve as self-correcting records for biodiversity at local, regional, and continental scales.

Hymenolepis folkertsi n. sp. (Eucestoda: Hymenolepididae) in the oldfield mouse Peromyscus polionotus (Wagner) (Rodentia: Cricetidae: Neotominae) from the southeastern Nearctic with comments on tapeworm faunal diversity among deer mice

“…Faunal assembly involving temporal and geographic mosaics related to recurrent events of geographic expansion and contact among potential host groups and host switching appear to be important drivers in establishing regional assemblages of cestodes among rodents (e.g., Haukisalmi et al 2010b;Hoberg et al 2012;Makarikov et al 2012). For example, among hymenolepidids, the genus Arostrilepis appears to be the sister of tapeworms among Soricomorpha with origins then attributable to host colonization of Arvicolinae (e.g., Haukisalmi et al 2010a); subsequent diversification reflects episodes of host colonization among geomyid and neotomine rodents (e.g., Makarikov et al 2012;Hoberg et al 2012).…”

“…For example, among hymenolepidids, the genus Arostrilepis appears to be the sister of tapeworms among Soricomorpha with origins then attributable to host colonization of Arvicolinae (e.g., Haukisalmi et al 2010a); subsequent diversification reflects episodes of host colonization among geomyid and neotomine rodents (e.g., Makarikov et al 2012;Hoberg et al 2012). Considering H. folkertsi, morphological similarity among Nearctic species is observed for H. tualatinensis in a geomyid from central Oregon, H. pitymi in an arvicoline from Tennessee, and H. robertrauschi in species of Onychomys a related neotomine, and putative sister of Peromyscus, across west-central North America from southern Canada to northern Mexico.…”

“…californicus at localities along coastal California (Voge 1952). H. horrida (as Arostrilepis Mas-Coma and Tenora 1997) is now regarded as a complex of species across the Holarctic, and specimens originally examined by Voge (1952) were recently described as Arostrilepis mariettavogeae Makarikov, Gardner et Hoberg, 2013 in these species of Peromyscus and the heteromyid, Perognathus inornatus Merriam, 1889 (Makarikov et al 2012(Makarikov et al , 2013a. Over the past century, it was generally accepted that among mammalian and rodent cestodes, many anoplocephalid, catenotaeniid, and hymenolepidid species were widespread, often with intercontinental distributions, and were characterized by considerable morphological variation without definable limits related either to geography or host association (Voge 1952;Schiller 1952;Ryzhikov et al 1978).…”

A widespread distribution for Arostrilepis tenuicirrosa (Eucestoda: Hymenolepididae) in Myodes voles (Cricetidae: Arvicolinae) from the Palearctic based on molecular and morphological evidence: historical and biogeographic implications

“…An additional 10 molecular-based lineages of Aros-trilepis have been correlated with unequivocal morphological attributes. Among these, nominal Arostrilepis now include 5 endemic species in the Palearctic (and a minimum of 1 undescribed), 4 endemic species in the Nearctic, 2 species with amphiberingian distributions spanning northwestern North America and northeastern Eurasia, and one species with a disjunct distribution that includes localities in Europe and northwestern North America (Cook et al 2005;Makarikov et al , 2012Makarikov et al 2013). Our studies have clearly demonstrated the value of integrated morphological/molecular approaches in exploring the distribution and limits of species diversity relative to host associations and geography.…”

“…Among these, A. horrida in the Palearctic, and A. mariettavogeae Makarikov, Gardner et Hoberg, 2012 andA. schilleri Makarikov, Gardner et Hoberg, 2012 in the Nearctic are based solely on morphological criteria (Makarikov et al , 2012). An additional 10 molecular-based lineages of Aros-trilepis have been correlated with unequivocal morphological attributes.…”