New species, combinations and records of lichenized fungi from the Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)

Abstract

Ten new species in nine different genera are described from the Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas): Bryonora granulata with a finely granular thallus containing perlatolic acid; Bryoria mariensis, a terricolous species with norstictic acid and unusual cortex cells; Carbonea hypopurpurea with a K+ purple hypothecium and a thallus containing confluentic and 2′-O-methylperlatolic acids; Caloplaca megalariicola lichenicolous on Megalaria grossa; Cladonia flammea with a red-orange coloration on the lower side of the primary squamules; Cliostomum falklandicum, on rocks and with a dispersed thallus containing only atranorin; Lepraria malouina with usnic and stictic acids; Rimularia andreaeicola, over bryophytes and lacking lichen substances; R. subpsephota, similar to R. psephota but with a discrete white thallus lacking norstictic acid; and Usnea austrocampestris, a straggling species in sect. Neuropogon from the mountain tops. Rimularia andreaeicola is also known from Tierra del Fuego and R. subpsephota from Tierra del Fuego and South Georgia, but the other species are known only from the Falkland Islands. The new combinations Carbonea agellata, C. subdeclinans, Cliostomum aeruginascens and C. violascens are also made; Lecidea interrupta Darb. and Lecidea protracta Darb. are reduced to synonymy with Lecanora xantholeuca (Müll. Arg.) Hertel; Rhizocarpon simillimum is reported for the first time from the Southern Hemisphere, from the Falkland Islands and New Zealand; and Bryoria chalybeiformis is reported for the first time from the Falkland Islands.

Unveiling a surprising diversity in the lichen genus Micarea (Pilocarpaceae) in Réunion (Mascarenes archipelago, Indian Ocean)

“…The austral element detected in the working list of lichens present on Réunion (van den Boom et al 2011) cannot thus be consolidated. The other species of Micarea so far restricted to the Southern Hemisphere (Coppins & Kantvilas 1990;Kantvilas & Elix 1994;Coppins 1999;Aptroot 2002;Fryday 2004;Cáceres et al 2013 Kalb (2007).…”

Reassessment of the genusCatillochroma(lichenized Ascomycota,Ramalinaceae)

“…As described previously (Fryday 2004b), the exciple of many species from the southern hemisphere (e.g., M. obludens (Nyl.) Fryday & Lendemer [syn.…”

Five new lichen species (Ascomycota) and a new record from southern New South Wales, Australia

“…Zahlbr., from western Europe and south-western North America, also occurs on coastal, siliceous rocks and has a comparatively pale, layered excipulum and colourless hypothecium (as in C. gerroana), the diminutive apothecia (0.1-0.3 mm wide) are concave to plane and the ascospores are significantly larger (Kilias 1981, Hertel et al 2008, Fletcher and Coppins 2009). Other species in this group include C. gilbertii Fryday & Coppins, a montane species endemic to Britain, with 16-spored asci (Fryday and Coppins 1996) and the calcicolous C. glaucogrisea Fryday, from Campbell Island, New Zealand, which has a pale grey, areolate thallus and concave to plane apothecia with a blue-black epihymenium (Fryday 2004). While the aforementioned species, including C. gerroana, all lack thalline lichen substances, C. austrolittoralis, known from coastal siliceous rocks in South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria and southern New South Wales, is characterized, inter alia, by the thallus containing the β-orcinol depsidones argopsin or pannarin (Kantvilas and van den Boom 2013).…”