New sources of resistance to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum for crucifer crops

Uloth, Margaret B.; You, Ming Pei; Finnegan, Patrick M.; Banga, S. S.; Banga, Shashi K.; Sandhu, P.; Huang, Yi; Salisbury, P. A.; Barbetti, Martin J.

doi:10.1016/j.fcr.2013.07.013

Cited by 70 publications

(98 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…For example, Banjo consistently had the lowest levels of leaf infestation of all the cultivars tested, but high levels of stem and pod infestation. This inconsistency between the relative susceptibility of different parts of a cultivar was also shown for Sclerotinia sclerotiorum on brassicas (Uloth et al ., ) and is consistent with the existence of different resistance mechanisms operating in leaves, stems and pods. However, Gunasinghe et al .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Plant age and ambient temperature: significant drivers for powdery mildew (Erysiphe cruciferarum) epidemics on oilseed rape (Brassica napus)

2017

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Powdery mildew (Erysiphe cruciferarum) is an important disease in oilseed rape crops worldwide, but of sporadic importance in most southern Australian crops. Six Brassica napus cultivars were exposed to E. cruciferarum simultaneously in four plant age cohorts. First symptoms of powdery mildew appeared 9 days after inoculation (dai) on the oldest plants [42 days after seeding (das)], but 44 dai in the youngest plants that were exposed to inoculum from sowing, although final disease severity did not differ with the plant age at exposure. The maximum level of pod peduncle infestation was unaffected by plant age (P = 0.37) or cultivar (P = 0.28). The effect of temperature was also investigated. The development of disease on plants was slower and final severity reduced at a day/night temperature 14/10 °C compared with 22/17 °C. In vitro, maximum growth of germ tubes from conidia of E. cruciferarum was at 15–20 °C and survival of conidia reduced by temperatures >30 °C. The results explain the sporadic nature of powdery mildew outbreaks in winter‐grown oilseed rape in Australia, where slow rates of infection occur when seasonal colder prevailing winter conditions coincide with the presence of younger plants, together curtailing rapid disease development until temperatures increase in late winter/early spring. These results explain why epidemics are most severe in the two warmer cropping regions, viz. the northern agricultural region of Western Australia and New South Wales. This study suggests that with increases in winter temperatures under future climate scenarios, earlier and more severe powdery mildew outbreaks in Australia will be favoured.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Plant age and ambient temperature: significant drivers for powdery mildew (Erysiphe cruciferarum) epidemics on oilseed rape (Brassica napus)

2017

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“…These results suggest that, first, the most resistant lines identified here are comparable to, if not more resistant than, those reported by other researchers. Secondly, the results confirm previous reports that higher levels of resistance can more often be found in wild Brassica than in cultivated species (Mei et al ., ; Uloth et al ., ; Ding et al ., ; You et al ., ). Five of the 10 most resistant lines in the petiole test were B. incana , which was also identified as a source of SSR resistance by Mei et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All brassicas are susceptible to sclerotinia stem rot (SSR), caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum . As a generalist necrotrophic pathogen that causes disease on over 400 plant species (Boland & Hall, ), the fungus is also a serious threat to many other economically important crops worldwide, including soybean, sunflower, peas, beans, carrot, lettuce and potatoes (Mei et al ., ; Uloth et al ., ; Derbyshire & Denton‐Giles, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resistance to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in wild Brassica species and the importance of Sclerotinia subarctica as a Brassica pathogen

et al. 2017

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Brassica crops are of global importance, with oilseed rape (Brassica napus) accounting for 13% of edible oil production. All Brassica species are susceptible to sclerotinia stem rot caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, a generalist fungal pathogen causing disease in over 400 plant species. Generally, sources of plant resistance result in partial control of the pathogen although some studies have identified wild Brassica species that are highly resistant. The related pathogen S. subarctica has also been reported on Brassica but its aggressiveness in relation to S. sclerotiorum is unknown. In this study, detached leaf and petiole assays were used to identify new sources of resistance to S. sclerotiorum within a wild Brassica ‘C genome’ diversity set. High‐level resistance was observed in B. incana and B. cretica in petiole assays, whilst wild B. oleracea and B. incana lines were the most resistant in leaf assays. A B. bourgeai line showed both partial petiole and leaf resistance. Although there was no correlation between the two assays, resistance in the detached petiole assay was correlated with stem resistance in mature plants. When tested on commercial cultivars of B. napus, B. oleracea and B. rapa, selected isolates of S. subarctica exhibited aggressiveness comparable to S. sclerotiorum indicating it can be a significant pathogen of Brassica. This is the first study to identify B. cretica as a source of resistance to S. sclerotiorum and to report resistance in other wild Brassica species to a UK isolate, hence providing resources for breeding of resistant cultivars suitable for Europe.

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“…(Uloth et al. , ). Saharan () showed that resistance to A. candida was governed by a single dominant gene, and other studies have demonstrated that resistance to race 2 in B. juncea , B. napus and B. carinata can be conferred by dominant alleles (Delwiche and Williams , ; Ebrahimi et al.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Valuable New Leaf or Inflorescence Resistances Ensure Improved Management of White Rust (Albugo candida) in Mustard (Brassica juncea) Crops

Barbetti

You

et al. 2015

Journal of Phytopathology

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Field resistances/susceptibilities against Albugo candida race 2V were determined for 29 Indian Brassica juncea varieties and compared with resistant varieties from China (6) and Australia (7). 'Basanti' (AUDPC incidence 46.7; AUDPC severity 29.2) represents the first high-level resistance to race 2V in Indian varieties. Several others showed lower but still useful levels of resistance, including Narendra Ageti Rai-4 (AUDPC incidence 150.6; AUDPC severity 66.8) and JM1 (AUDPC incidence 167.1; AUDPC severity 83.7). Highly susceptible Indian varieties had AUDPC incidence values >200 and severity >100. 'Basanti' had least stagheads/ plant (0.32), while Narendra Ageti Rai-4 had lowest % plants with stagheads (2.48). In contrast, almost half of Indian varieties had stagheads/ plant >1 and % plants with stagheads >4, and >26 for 'Kranti'. The resistance in 'Basanti' paves the way forward towards significantly improved white rust management in mustard in India. JM06011, JM06021, JR049 from Australia and CJB-003 from China had zero leaf incidence. There were significant (P < 0.001) relationships between disease incidence with severity (R 2 0.92), stagheads/plant (R 2 0.69) and also % plants with stagheads (R 2 0.60); between disease severity with stagheads/plant (R 2 0.68) and also % plants with stagheads (R 2 0.69); and between stagheads/plant with % plants with stagheads (R 2 0.59).

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New sources of resistance to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum for crucifer crops

Cited by 70 publications

References 48 publications

Plant age and ambient temperature: significant drivers for powdery mildew (Erysiphe cruciferarum) epidemics on oilseed rape (Brassica napus)

Plant age and ambient temperature: significant drivers for powdery mildew (Erysiphe cruciferarum) epidemics on oilseed rape (Brassica napus)

Resistance to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in wild Brassica species and the importance of Sclerotinia subarctica as a Brassica pathogen

Valuable New Leaf or Inflorescence Resistances Ensure Improved Management of White Rust (Albugo candida) in Mustard (Brassica juncea) Crops

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