New sorbents for desulfurization of diesel fuels via π‐complexation

Hernández‐Maldonado, Arturo J.; Yang, Ralph T.

doi:10.1002/aic.10074

Cited by 200 publications

(159 citation statements)

References 48 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

156

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…For example, the auto-reduction step (to reduce Cu(II)Y to Cu(I)Y in an inert atmosphere at 450 o C) requires more than 15 hours to complete (we typically used 18 hours). Shorter reduction times in our laboratory 17 as well as in other laboratories 18,19 resulted in incomplete reduction and lower sulfur capacities. Moreover, a number of fuel constituents could have detrimental effects as demonstrated in our recent work, such as organo-nitrogen compounds, 14 moisture and added oxygenates.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 60%

“…In particular, the Cu(I)-Y zeolite (vapor phase ion exchanged, VPIE) exhibits the highest sulfur selectivity and capacity. 1,15,17 Recently experiments in our laboratory showed that Pd-based sorbents have higher sulfur capacities than Cu(I)-Y. 22 In addition, our previous studies have shown that activated carbon used as a guard bed can improve the adsorptive performance of Cu(I)-Y adsorbent.…”

Section: -21mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For the Cu(II)-Y, the activation was performed at 450 in helium to promote 31 In previous studies of our group, the reduction of Cu 2+ to Cu + was carried out in He at 450 for 18 h, which led to good results for fuel desulfurization. 17,[19][20] It is clear that the treatment time plays a crucial role in full reduction to Cu(I). Figure 1 shows the equilibrium adsorption isotherms of thiophene on …”

Section: Sorbent Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Adsorption and Ultrasound-Assisted Sorbent Regeneration

Wang¹,

Ma²,

Yang³

2006

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This work was conducted for the department of Energy. In this work, we developed a class of new sorbents that were highly sulfur sepective and had high sulfur capacities. The study consisted of two sections. Development of the new sorbents is described in Section 1, and Section was a fundamental study, conducted for a better understanding for desulfurization of jet fuels. More details of the results are given blow separately for the two sections. Section 1: Desulfurization of Model Jet Fuels by Adsorption on Carbon-based Sorbents and Ultrasound-Assisted Sorbent RegenerationSeveral high-sulfur-capacity carbon-based adsorbents, CuCl/AC, PdCl 2 /AC, and Pd/AC (where AC denotes activated carbon), were studied for desulfurization of a model jet fuel by selective adsorption of thiophenic molecules. The model jet fuel (150 ppmw-S BT and 250 ppmw-S MBT in 19.75 wt% benzene + 80 wt% n-octane containing 700 ppmw naphthalene) was formulated such that it represented all jet fuels well. In addition, a commercial jet fuel, JP-5 was included in the tests. Comparisons with γ-Al 2 O 3 support and desulfurization of a commercial jet fuel were also studied. The results showed that the selective sulfur adsorption capacity of PdCl 2 was higher than that of CuCl and Pd 0 , in agreement with molecular orbital results. It was also found that the activated carbon is the best support for π-complexation sorbents to remove sulfur-containing compounds, i.e. benzothiophene and methylbenzothiophene. Among all the adsorbents studied, PdCl 2 /AC had the highest capacity for desulfurization. A significant synergistic effect was 3 observed between the carbon substrate and the supported π-complexation sorbent, and this effect was explained by a geometric effect. The saturated sorbent was regenerated by desorption assisted by ultrasound with a solvent of 30 wt% benzene and 70 wt% noctane. The results showed that the amount of sulfur desorbed was higher with ultrasound, 65 wt% desorption vs. 45 wt% without ultrasound in a static system at 50 o C. Section 2: Selective Adsorption of Sulfur Compounds: Isotherms, Heats and Relationship between Adsorption from Vapor and Liquid SolutionThis was a basic study in order to understand and better design sorbents for desulfurization of jet fuels. Adsorption isotherms were measured for thiophenic sulfur compounds, thiophene (T), benzothiopnene (BT), 2-methyl benzothiophene (2-MBT) and dibenzothiophene (DBT), from their binary solutions in n-octane. Two sulfur-selective, π-complexation sorbents were studied: Cu(I)-Y zeolite and PdCl 2 impregnated on activated carbon (PdCl 2 /AC). Vapor-phase isotherms of n-octane and thiophene were also measured. The selectivity of adsorption from liquid solutions followed the order of: T < BT < 2-MBT < DBT for PdCl 2 /AC, and T < DBT < 2-MBT < BT for Cu(I)-Y zeolite. The adsorption bond energies, which approximate the heats of vapor-phase adsorption, followed the order: T < BT < 2-MBT < DBT. This order was not followed for adsorption from liquid solutions on Cu-Y zeolite...

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 60%

Section: -21mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sorbent Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Adsorption and Ultrasound-Assisted Sorbent Regeneration

Wang¹,

Ma²,

Yang³

2006

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…in oxidized state is simply obtained by a calcination process [15][16][17] . In previous studies where the adsorption of 4,6-DMDBT was studied on activated carbon impregnated with different metals of the first transition series 18 , it was found that the adsorption capacity of the materials depends on the nature of the metal which acts as active site in the π type adsorption and we observed a volcano type curve with a maximum in Ni with oxidation state +2.…”

Section: +mentioning

confidence: 99%

Denitrogenation by Adsorption of Pyridine on Ni/Support Adsorbents

Peralta

Camu

Bassi

et al. 2016

J. Chil. Chem. Soc.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In this work we have carried out the adsorption of pyridine using three different supports (activated carbon, SiO 2 and γ-Al 2 O 3 ). After choosing the best support, due to its higher adsorption capacity, we have impregnated the support with nickel at three different concentrations (2, 4 and 6% w/w) by wet impregnation to study the adsorption of pyridine by π-complexation. All the samples (supports and adsorbents) were characterized by N 2 adsorption-desorption by the BET method and electrophoretic migration. The experimental results, for the three different supports, show that the adsorption capacity is better for γ-Al 2 O 3, due to its higher isoelectric point. With the incorporation of nickel, no better adsorption capacities are observed, due that the nickel incorporation diminish the zero point charges of the adsorbents. Adsorption, denitrogenation, nickel, pyridine. e-mail: patricio.baeza@pucv.cl Keywords: INTRODUCTIONCrude oil is the largest and most widely used source of energy in the world and projections assure that this will continue until at least 2050. Overexploitation of existing fields, has led to crude oils known as "Barrel Fund", composed of high molecular weight hydrocarbons which are of lower quality, as they are much heavier and therefore difficult to purify in the petroleum refining industry. The combustion of petroleum containing nitrogen compounds emits NOx into the atmosphere, which directly contributes to the production of acid rain and Photochemical Smog. Therefore, environmental regulations are becoming more stringent with regard to the maximum level of nitrogen molecules that petroleum may contain; this has caused refiners to seek new methods that allow them to eliminate nitrogenous molecules. These nitrogen containing molecules are more resistant to the existing process used in the refining industry to remove them. This hydrotreating process is called hydrodenitrogenation (HDN) and it operates at elevated temperatures and pressures, which are efficient in removing simple nitrogen molecules, but not for the removal of "refractory molecules". Nitrogenous compounds present in the petroleum may vary depending on the origin of the oil field. Despite this, the predominant compounds consist of substituted pyrrole and pyridine, which containing aromatic rings of 5 and 6 members, respectively 1 . At present, petroleum is composed of alkylated nitrogenous organic molecules, on some part of the aromatic ring, which are refractory to the HDN process 2,3 .It should be noted that the catalysts used in petroleum refining for the HDN reaction are Ni-Mo/γ-Al 2 O 3 or Co-Mo/γ-Al 2 O 3 catalysts, where Co and Ni promote the activity of MoS 2 , but an important point is that these catalysts are also active in the hydrodesulfurization (HDS) reaction, and furthermore, both reactions are carried out in the same reactor with an unique catalyst, and in the case of nitrogen containing compounds, their removal is highly recommended to ensure successful HDS. It is these nitrogen compounds that inhibi...

show abstract

“…Cu(I), Ag(I) and Ni(II) are therefore good options. Of these, the oxidised state of Ni(II) can be obtained simply by a process of calcination [14][15][16] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of an Analytical Method for the Main Organic Compounds Derived From Thermochemical Conversion of Biomass

Tessini

Romero²,

Escobar³

et al. 2016

J. Chil. Chem. Soc.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The removal of 4-Nitrophenol (4-NP) from aqueous media by adsorption is studied in a batch system using different porous materials: activated carbon, zirconia, alumina, sepiolite, natural zeolite and 13X zeolite. Depending on their adsorption capacities, the best adsorbent was chosen to be impregnated with different levels of nickel (Ni) in order to study the adsorption by π-complexation in batch and continuous systems. The samples of Ni(x)/support (x= 2, 4, 6%) were prepared by wet impregnation and were characterised using the same method as with all the materials, by N 2 adsorption-desorption using the BET method, surface acidity and Z potential measurements by electrophoretic migration. The samples were measured in a UV-Vis electrophotometer at a wavelength of 318 nm, while the adsorption capacity of the material in the batch system was determined by calculating the difference in concentration once the adsorbent became saturated after an initial concentration of ~20 ppm, and in the continuous system this was done by integrating the area under the adsorption curve. The results suggest that adsorption capacity depends on the specific BET area, apparent acid strength and the IEP of each support, and that it varies with the addition of Ni.

show abstract

New sorbents for desulfurization of diesel fuels via π‐complexation

Cited by 200 publications

References 48 publications

Adsorption and Ultrasound-Assisted Sorbent Regeneration

Adsorption and Ultrasound-Assisted Sorbent Regeneration

Denitrogenation by Adsorption of Pyridine on Ni/Support Adsorbents

Development of an Analytical Method for the Main Organic Compounds Derived From Thermochemical Conversion of Biomass

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About