New Social Movement Theories

Buechler, Steven M.

doi:10.1111/j.1533-8525.1995.tb00447.x

Cited by 369 publications

(211 citation statements)

References 23 publications

(10 reference statements)

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“…Bu teorinin savunucuları toplumsal olayları, ekonomik, sosyal ve politik çevreden ziyade postmodern toplumlarda hayat kalitesini tehdit eden unsurlara karşı gösterilen tepkiler olarak açıklamışlardır (Buechler, 1995;Inglehart, 1990). Scott (1990: 18).…”

Section: Yeni Toplumsal Olay Teorileriunclassified

Teori̇ler Işiğinda Toplumsal Olaylarin Geli̇şi̇mi̇ Ve Yöneti̇mi̇

Can¹,

Taşçi²

2016

SBE Dergi

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ÖZETToplumsal olaylar bir kolektif aksiyon türüdür. Genel olarak, sosyal, kültürel ve politik değişimlere karşı verilen kolektif tepkiler olarak ifade edilen toplumsal olaylar, toplumdaki değişimler neticesinde gerilim yaşayan grupların isteklerine ulaşmak için organize ettikleri veya katıldıkları kolektif hareketleri ifade eder. Toplumsal olaylar tarihi, kültürel ve coğrafi koşullardan bağımsız olmadığı gibi, ideolojik, ekonomik ve politik faktörlerin de toplumsal olayların oluşumunda etkisi vardır. Bu kapsamda, toplumsal olayların içinde geliştikleri toplumların sosyal, kültürel ve siyasi norm ve değerlerine göre farklılık gösterdiklerini belirtmek gerekir. Bu çalışmada, toplum yapısını oluşturan faktörlerin toplumsal olayların oluşumu üzerinde kolaylaştırıcı veya sınırlandırıcı etkileri makro toplumsal olay teorileri kapsamında açıklanmıştır. Toplumsal olay teorilerinin ortaya koyduğu tespitler kapsamında, toplumsal olayların kamu düzenine zarar vermeden nasıl yönetilmesi gerektiği konusu incelenmiştir.Anahtar Kelimeler: Toplumsal olaylar, toplumsal olay teorileri, sosyal değişim, toplumsal dayanışma, müdahale stratejileri ABSTRACT Social movements are a form of collective action. In general, social movements are regarded as collective responses to social, cultural and political changes. Groups that feel strain due to the challenges in using legitimate means to find satisfactory solutions for their concerns form and join social movements. Social movements are not independent from cultural, historical, or geographical factors; nor are they independent of economic, ideological, or political factors. Those factors not only affect the formation process, but also produce dynamic interactions among multiple groups. In this concept, every research on social movements provides implications specific to those events occurring in that specified time and space. In this study, social structural factors, that facilitate or constrain the emergence of social movements, are explained within the context of macro social movement theories in order to explain how to deal with social movements without harming public order.Key Words: Social movements, social movement theories, social change, social solidarity, intervention strategies GİRİŞBir topluma ait olmak, hukuki statü, hak ve özgürlük talepleri ile sosyal politikaların karar verme sürecine katılım beklentilerini beraberinde getirir. Bu kapsamda bireyler, devletin takip ettiği politikaların hak ve özgürlüklerini ihlal etmemesini isterler. Memnuniyetsiz grupların düşüncelerini anlamak, pozitif bir bakış açısı geliştirerek, bu grupların yeniden topluma entegrasyon sürecini hızlandıracaktır. Eğer bireyler, devlet tarafından üretilen sosyal politikalarda kendi duygu ve düşüncelerinin dikkate alınmadığı duygusuna sahip olurlarsa, kendilerini toplumdan dışlanmış hissederler ve toplumsal politikaları geliştiren otoritelere karşı tepki verirler. Kendilerini toplumdan dışlanmış hisseden bu gruplar, kendi kültürel değerlerinin otoriteyi elinde bulunduranlar tarafından yok edilmek istend...

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Section: Yeni Toplumsal Olay Teorileriunclassified

Teori̇ler Işiğinda Toplumsal Olaylarin Geli̇şi̇mi̇ Ve Yöneti̇mi̇

Can¹,

Taşçi²

2016

SBE Dergi

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“…Rooted in European traditions of social theory (Castells 1997;Cohen 1985;Klandersman 1991;Melucci 1985;Touraine 1981Touraine , 1985, they emerge out of the failure of resource mobilization theory to make sense of movements and constituencies organized around issues or identities (Buechler 1993), and as a response to the classical Marxist reductionism of activists to their economic class and their motivations to strictly economic logics. Thus, these theories share the qualities of an emphasis on the socially constructed nature of ideology and identity (identity-based movements), the recognition of postmaterialist values as criteria for unity and mobilization (issue-based movements), and the affinity between a fluid middle-class in transformation and new social movements (Buechler 1995). Implicated in their inherent transition from economic to cultural logics is the growth of social movements organized around the importance of collective identity as the grounds for gathering in a social movement.…”

Section: Theoretical Context: the Sociology Of Social Movementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…New social movement theories have directed the attention of sociologists to the study of these identity-construction processes, claiming that "efforts to define, celebrate, enact, and deconstruct identity are more important in recent movements than they have been in the past" (Buechler 1995). Rooted in European traditions of social theory (Castells 1997;Cohen 1985;Klandersman 1991;Melucci 1985;Touraine 1981Touraine , 1985, they emerge out of the failure of resource mobilization theory to make sense of movements and constituencies organized around issues or identities (Buechler 1993), and as a response to the classical Marxist reductionism of activists to their economic class and their motivations to strictly economic logics.…”

Section: Theoretical Context: the Sociology Of Social Movementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Collective Identity, Organization, and Public Reaction in Protests: A Qualitative Case Study of Hong Kong and Taiwan

2017

Social Sciences

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Abstract:Mainstream structuralist and new social movement theoretical approaches to studying social movements in Western sociological traditions fail to explain why the Sunflower movement fostered solidarity among the Taiwanese while Occupy Central caused public division in Hong Kong. In response, I argue that the successes and failures of both were a function of the consolidation and division of collective identity. Using a qualitative case study, this article analyzes the discursive constructions of collective identity as they intersect with protest spaces, drawing out the events in their protest cycles and identifying the mechanisms within them that constructed and deconstructed collective identity. In doing so, I illustrate three phases of collective identity construction: the creation of collective claims, recruitment strategies, and expressive decision-making. Ultimately, this explicates the movements' differing outcomes, and how their decline both narrowed and broadened identity in ways that provide a repertoire of ideological narratives usable as recruitment strategies in future mobilizations.

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“…In addition to these views, various perspectives such as new institutionalism, regime theory, urban social movements, and techno-bureaucracy suggest factors and actors that most heavily influence local policy decisions. They have contributed to uncovering the potential influences of governmental structures (Clingermayer & Feiock, 2001;Green & Fleischmann, 1991;Lowery & Berry, 1983;Sharp & Maynard-Moody, 1991), networks of political and civic relationships (Davies, 2003;Stoker, 1995;Stone, 1989Stone, , 2004, the collective identities of social class (Buechler, 1995;Castells, 1985;Morris & Mueller, 1992), and local social environments (Goetz, 1994;Pickvance, 2003).…”

Section: A Research Questionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Community Quality of Life on Local Policy Decisions

Choi²

2014

Applied Research Quality Life

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There have been extensive debates on the factors that influence local policy decisions.Although many researchers have contributed to uncovering various influences such as political, economic, institutional, and demographic factors on local policy decisions, however, the concept of QoL rarely has used in extant literature. Local government spending is likely to be affected by citizen demands for achieving community well-being. Additionally, given that different policy functions variably affect local circumstances, the impact of QoL on local policy decisions will depend on the policy area. Hence, this study examined the relationship between QoL and local budgetary decisions based on Peterson's (1981) policy scheme of, three distinct policy arenas (developmental, allocational, and redistributive policy). In examining the relationship of QoL and city spending across policy functions, I also considered economic, political, institutional, and demographic factors, derived from various theoretical perspectives on local policy decisions.The relative influences of community QoL as well as other factors on local policy decisions were estimated by two-stage least squares regression analysis (2SLS) for developmental spending and by ordinary least squares (OLS) for allocational and redistributive spending. To measure community QoL, this study used 89,066 completed surveys from 167 communities in the United States for 2002-2008 are used. QoL appeared as a critical factor influencing local government expenditures in the three policy areas. The impact of QoL on local spending in the three areas differed depending on city income levels; city income levels then moderated local policy decisions.iii These findings suggest that local policy priorities adjusted in accordance with economic growth. Allocational policy functions also should be thought to be functions of cities geared toward giving them a competitive edge over other cities by meeting evolved citizen preferences for city amenities. These findings also point to distinct patterns of political activities in each policy arena. Given that community QoL reflects adjusted citizens' demands, I contend that community QoL can contribute to performance management by providing additional public information and a complementary performance indicator.iv

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New Social Movement Theories

Cited by 369 publications

References 23 publications

Teori̇ler Işiğinda Toplumsal Olaylarin Geli̇şi̇mi̇ Ve Yöneti̇mi̇

Teori̇ler Işiğinda Toplumsal Olaylarin Geli̇şi̇mi̇ Ve Yöneti̇mi̇

Collective Identity, Organization, and Public Reaction in Protests: A Qualitative Case Study of Hong Kong and Taiwan

The Effects of Community Quality of Life on Local Policy Decisions

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