New Research on Improved Highway Tunnel Based on Visual Illusion

Du, Zhigang; Tang, Yun-Hao; Xie, Jun; Li, Pingfan

doi:10.1061/9780784480915.452

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Therefore, it is necessary to focus on speed limit management and lane keeping in tunnels. Facilities such as lane indicators, exit signs and road markings can be installed inside the tunnel to help drivers control traffic direction and improve safety and efficiency [28].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Based on this, it is understood that left turns are the most dangerous in curved sections of urban extra-long underwater tunnels, i.e. subsequent safety improvements could focus on left turns in curved sections by using high frequency, continuous single linear guidance signs on the left and low frequency combined linear guidance signs on the right (Du et al [28] showed that visual guidance facilities can effectively improve the light environment inside the tunnel and enhance drivers' sense of speed and direction). Furthermore, additional reflective rings to anticipate the presence of curves and enhance visual recognition of the tunnel boundary in the curved section (Du et al [29] have shown that the combined use of different numbers of reflective rings can effectively improve the driver's ability to perceive the curvature of a curve and reduce the reaction time).…”

Section: Influence Of Curvementioning

confidence: 99%

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Driver’s Shy Away Effect in Urban Extra-Long Underwater Tunnel

Chen,

Du,

Jiang

et al. 2023

PROMTT

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For urban extra-long underwater tunnels, the obstacle space formed by the tunnel walls on both sides has an impact on the driver's driving. The aim of this study is to investigate the shy away characteristics of drivers in urban extra-long underwater tunnels. Using trajectory offset and speed data obtained from real vehicle tests, the driving behaviour at different lanes of an urban extra-long underwater tunnel was investigated, and a theory of shy away effects and indicators of sidewall shy away deviation for quantitative analysis were proposed. The results show that the left-hand lane has the largest offset and driving speed from the sidewall compared to the other two lanes. In the centre lane there is a large fluctuation in the amount of deflection per 50 seconds of driving, increasing the risk of two-lane collisions. When the lateral clearances are increased from 0.5 m to 2.19 m on the left and 1.29 m on the right, the safety needs of drivers can be better met. The results of this study have implications for improving traffic safety in urban extra-long underwater tunnels and for the improvement of tunnel traffic safety facilities.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Influence Of Curvementioning

confidence: 99%

Driver’s Shy Away Effect in Urban Extra-Long Underwater Tunnel

Chen,

Du,

Jiang

et al. 2023

PROMTT

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show abstract

“…It is a collective term for adjacent or continuous tunnels [40]. The vehicles entering the downstream tunnel will affect those traveling between downstream and upstream tunnels [41].…”

Section: Name Definitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on the Driver Visual Workload of Bridge-Tunnel Groups on Mountainous Expressways

Zhang,

Bai,

Yin

et al. 2023

Applied Sciences

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Mountainous expressways with bridge-tunnel groups are characterized by complex environments and high driving risks, making them crucial sections for highway safety. This study applied eye-tracking techniques to evaluate driving safety and comfort in bridge-tunnel groups. Drivers’ pupil diameter and fixation point distribution were measured in real vehicle tests. The influence of tunnel length, adjacent tunnel spacing, and natural lighting on drivers’ pupil diameters were compared and analyzed. The maximum transient velocity of pupil area was introduced to describe the drivers’ visual load and driving comfort. The results indicate that the driving workload reaches its maximum in the first tunnel in bridge-tunnel groups and is positively correlated with the tunnel length in other sections. Excessive or insufficient distance between adjacent tunnels is detrimental to driving comfort. The driving workload is higher at night compared to during the day. Moreover, the greater tunnel length in bridge-tunnel groups and the larger number of tunnels, suggest a higher driving workload for drivers. Above all, strengthening the design and management of bridge-tunnel groups in mountainous expressways is necessary.

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“…However, visual problems in tunnels often arise because of the poor lighting and the limitations of closed space. Research has indicated that the rate of traffic accidents is lower in tunnels than on highways, but that the accident fatality rate is much higher [ 4 , 5 ]. For example, a traffic accident occurred in the Shanxi Yanhou tunnel in China on 1 March 2014, causing the deaths of 40 people and injuring 12 [ 6 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eye-Tracking Evaluation of Exit Advance Guide Signs in Highway Tunnels in Familiar and Unfamiliar Drivers

Shang

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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As a component of the traffic control plan, traffic signs on highways offer drivers necessary information. Unfortunately, many signs are unfamiliar to or misunderstood by drivers, especially when lacking a setting method; this includes exit advance guide signs in tunnels. These are generally set in roadbed sections, but space limitations in tunnels dictate that they must be set differently. To evaluate the effect of the setting method, an experiment was designed and conducted, during which the eye movements of 44 drivers with different familiarity levels were tracked. Twenty-two of the drivers had not previously participated in any experiment involving exit advance guide signs in highway tunnels, while 22 of them had. Time period data were analyzed, including data from before the sign appeared, when it appeared, and when it disappeared. Based on area division and Markov theory, attributes related to gaze transition were obtained, including one- and two-step gaze transition probabilities and area gaze probabilities. The results showed that gaze transition was confirmed to be significantly different between the three periods and between the drivers. Features extracted from eye movement characteristics, gaze transition paths, and gaze areas demonstrated that visual attention is more dispersed in familiar drivers during the lane-change intention period. Therefore, signs should be placed on the left wall of the highway tunnel.

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New Research on Improved Highway Tunnel Based on Visual Illusion

Cited by 7 publications

References 14 publications

Driver’s Shy Away Effect in Urban Extra-Long Underwater Tunnel

Driver’s Shy Away Effect in Urban Extra-Long Underwater Tunnel

Study on the Driver Visual Workload of Bridge-Tunnel Groups on Mountainous Expressways

Eye-Tracking Evaluation of Exit Advance Guide Signs in Highway Tunnels in Familiar and Unfamiliar Drivers

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