New Records of Monogeneans, &lt;i&gt;Gyrodactylus cyprini&lt;/i&gt; (Gyrodactylidae) and &lt;i&gt;Dactylogyrus extensus&lt;/i&gt; (Dactylogyridae), Parasitic on Reared Common Carp &lt;i&gt;Cyprinus carpio&lt;/i&gt; (Cypriniformes: Cyprinidae) in Mie Prefecture, Japan

Nitta, Masato

doi:10.12782/specdiv.28.273

Spec.Div.

2023

DOI: 10.12782/specdiv.28.273

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New Records of Monogeneans, Gyrodactylus cyprini (Gyrodactylidae) and Dactylogyrus extensus (Dactylogyridae), Parasitic on Reared Common Carp Cyprinus carpio (Cypriniformes: Cyprinidae) in Mie Prefecture, Japan

Masato Nitta

Abstract: Although G. cyprini is a well-known parasite of C. carpio in the Palearctic and USA and its existence in Japan was implied by the dermatitis examination of exported koi carp from Japan to Thailand, any specimen of G. cyprini has not been recorded in Japan. In addition, I determined some Japanese specimens previously identified as G. kherulensis Ergens, 1974 were also G. cyprini. This study obtained novel geographical records of these monogeneans, along with redescriptions of three monogenean species and molecu… Show more

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2024

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Cited by 2 publications

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Antimicrobial and anthelmintic effects of copper nanoparticles against Koi carp parasites and their toxicity

dos Santos,

Riofrio,

Sousa

et al. 2024

Journal of Fish Diseases

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This study investigated the in vitro antimicrobial and anthelmintic effect of copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) against the bacterium Aeromonas hydrophila, the monogeneans Dactylogyrus minutus, Dactylogyrus extensus, Gyrodactylus cyprini, and the cestode Schyzocotyle acheilognathi, as well as their toxicity to Cyprinus carpio Koi. In the antimicrobial in vitro test, the inhibition zone method and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) were performed. In order to determine the time and efficacy of monogenean parasite mortality, the parasites were exposed to CuNP concentrations of 20, 50, 100, 150, 200, and 300 mg L−1, and a control group with tank water and one with copper sulphate pentahydrate (CuSO4.5H2O) at a concentration of 0.3 mg L−1, performed in triplicate. The parasites were observed every 10 min for 300 min, and mortality was recorded. For the cestodes, parasites were immersed in CuNP concentrations of 50, 100, 150, and 300 mg L−1. At the end of the in vitro tests, the anthelmintic efficacy of each treatment was calculated. To assess the tolerance and toxicity in fish, they were exposed to CuNP concentrations of 0.6, 1.25, 2.5, 5, 10, 20, and 50 mg L−1 for 12 h. The MIC demonstrated that CuNPs effectively inhibited the growth of A. hydrophila up to a dilution of 12,500 mg L−1 and showed an inhibition zone of 14.0 ± 1.6 mm for CuNPs. The results of anthelmintic activity showed a dose‐dependent effect of concentration for both groups of parasites, with the most effective concentration being 300 mg L−1 in 120 min. In the toxicity test, the carps showed tolerance to lower concentrations. The study indicated that CuNPs were effective against the studied pathogens. However, it proved to be toxic to fish at high concentrations. The use of low concentrations is recommended still requires further investigation.

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Antimicrobial and anthelmintic effects of copper nanoparticles against Koi carp parasites and their toxicity

dos Santos,

Riofrio,

Sousa

et al. 2024

Journal of Fish Diseases

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Revision of the Most Primitive Taxa of the Family Gyrodactylidae (van Beneden et Hesse, 1864) (Platyhelminthes, Monopisthocotyla) Based on ITS rDNA Phylogeny

Janulewicz,

Pietkiewicz,

Ziętara

2024

Genes

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Background: For the past 25 years, the ITS rDNA (ITS1-5.8S-ITS2) of Gyrodactylidae has been crucial for species identification, description, and phylogeny. This family includes 25 genera parasitizing marine and freshwater fish, initially distinguished by morphological differences in attachment and/or male copulatory organs. Gyrodactylus Nordmann, 1832, the most species-rich genus, has approximately 500 described species and an additional 25,000 species suspected. The genus is not monophyletic, and the functionally adaptive nature of morphological diagnostic characters complicates the delimitation of new genera. Methods: A phylogeny based on ITS rDNA was proposed to address these challenges, using only complete sequences of primitive taxa. Fifty-four sequences were aligned with the MUSCLE v5.1 algorithm, creating a 1590 ps long matrix. Maximum Likelihood (ML) and Bayesian Inference (BI) methods with the models TVM+F+G4 and SYM+G4 for ITS1–ITS2 and 5.8S, respectively, were inferred using IQ-TREE v2.3.5 and BEAST v2.7.6.0. Results: The findings revealed eleven main lineages. Four of them are proposed for classification into new genera: Cichlidarus gen. nov., Iraqemembranatus gen. nov., Macracanthus gen. nov., and Rysavyius gen. nov. Elevating the subgenus G. (Gyrodactylus) to genus rank was supported. Conclusions: The presented phylogeny provides a foundation for developing a classification system within Gyrodactylidae that is both reasonable and comprehensive.

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New Records of Monogeneans, <i>Gyrodactylus cyprini</i> (Gyrodactylidae) and <i>Dactylogyrus extensus</i> (Dactylogyridae), Parasitic on Reared Common Carp <i>Cyprinus carpio</i> (Cypriniformes: Cyprinidae) in Mie Prefecture, Japan

Cited by 2 publications

References 42 publications

Antimicrobial and anthelmintic effects of copper nanoparticles against Koi carp parasites and their toxicity

Antimicrobial and anthelmintic effects of copper nanoparticles against Koi carp parasites and their toxicity

Revision of the Most Primitive Taxa of the Family Gyrodactylidae (van Beneden et Hesse, 1864) (Platyhelminthes, Monopisthocotyla) Based on ITS rDNA Phylogeny

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