New Record of Macrofungi for the Mycobiota of the Cieszyn Municipality (Polish Western Carpathians) Including New Species to Poland

Abstract

In this paper, we present the results of mycological research carried out between 2015 and 2018 in the Cieszyn township, in the Silesian Foothills (Outer Western Carpathians). The list of 417 species of macrofungi from the Cieszyn area reported in our previous study, has been expanded further by the addition of 37 taxa found in the current study. Among these, the following deserve special attention: fungi that are new to Poland’s mycobiota (six species: <em>Bryoscyphus dicrani</em>, <em>Discina martinii</em>, <em>Elaphomyces aculeatus</em>, <em>Tuber brumale</em>, <em>T. foetidum</em>, and <em>Russula cerea</em>), taxa subject to legal protection (four species: <em>Disciotis venosa</em>, <em>Grifola frondosa</em>, <em>Mitrophora semilibera</em>, and <em>Sparassis brevipes</em>), as well as fungi that are rare in Poland, included in national or regional red lists, and in the registers of rare and endangered species (24 species including <em>Amanita echinocephala</em>, <em>Arrhenia retiruga</em>, <em>A. spathulata</em>, <em>Catinella olivacea</em>, <em>Elaphomyces maculatus</em>, <em>Hygrophorus discoxanthus</em>, <em>Ophiocordyceps entomorrhiza</em>, <em>Pluteus diettrichii</em>, <em>Tuber aestivum</em>, and <em>T. fulgens</em>). This paper presents the distribution and location of 32 species of fungi along with a short description and illustration of the macro- and micromorphological features of select species and their habitats.

Fungi Occurring in Norway Spruce Wood Decayed by Heterobasidion parviporum in Puszcza Borecka Stands (Northeastern Poland)

“…It grows on various deciduous trees and in North America also on conifers, e.g., on Abies [80,81]. In Poland, P. pulmonarius has rarely been reported on conifers, e.g., Picea abies [82,83], and recently, it has been found on the trunk of a fallen Pinus sylvestris in a wind-damage area in Kampinos National Park [84]. The occurrence of numerous rare fungal species in spruce stands, both in managed and old forests, has been reported previously [85][86][87][88][89].…”

New Records of Rare Hypogeous Fungi from Poland (Central Europe)

“…Investigations carried out in recent years have identified new localities of some hypogeous fungi, which are new for the mycobiota or have not been recorded for over 50 years in Poland. Most species, e.g., E. aculeatus, Gautieria trabutii, Hydnotrya bailii, Hymenogaster luteus, Hysterangium nephriticum, Lactarius stephensii, Melanogaster tuberiformis, Octaviania lutea, Pachyphlodes conglomerata, P. citrina, Russula candidissima, R. mattirolana, Sclerogaster hysterangioides, Tuber bellonae, T. excavatum, T. ferrugineum, T. fulgens, and T. macrosporum, have been found either in the Carpathians or in the upland regions in the middle and middle-eastern part of Poland (the Śląsko-Krakowska Upland, Małopolska Upland, Lubelsko-Lwowska Upland, and Polesie region) (Chachuła et al, 2020;Gierczyk et al, 2019;Hilszczańska et al, 2008Hilszczańska et al, , 2013Hilszczańska et al, , 2014Kujawa & Gierczyk, 2011;Ławrynowicz, 2009;Ławrynowicz et al, 2008;Rutkowski et al, 2014;Vidal et al, 2019;Wojewoda et al, 2016). Reports on single species have also come from other regions, such as the Eastern Sudetes (R. cerea), Lubuskie Lake District (Gautieria otthii), or Gdańsk and Wschodniopomorskie Lake District (Melanogaster macrosporus) (Kujawa & Gierczyk, 2011, 2013Ślusarczyk, 2018;Vidal et al, 2019).…”

“…Over 20 species of hypogeous Basidiomycota and nearly 30 species of hypogeous Ascomycota were found in Poland before the year 2000 (Chmiel, 2006;Ławrynowicz, 1988;Wojewoda, 2003). Since then, several studies have reported on the localities of new species hitherto not known to occur in Poland (e.g., Chachuła, 2018;Chachuła et al, 2020;Hilszczańska et al, 2008;Mleczko et al, 2009Mleczko et al, , 2010Paz et al, 2017;Vidal et al, 2019;Wojewoda et al, 2016). Some recorded fungi are widespread and, at least locally, common; for example, Elaphomyces asperulus, E. granulatus, and Octaviania mutabilis (as O. asterosperma) (Ławrynowicz, 1988;Mleczko et al, 2009).…”

“…The status of certain species regarded as very rare changed when more data on their distribution became available; for example, Chamonixia caespitosa (Kozak et al, 2013;Mleczko et al, 2010). However, several species have only been found in a single or only a few localities in Poland, for example, Elaphomyces aculeatus, Gautieria othii, Lactarius stephensii, Russula candidissima, and R. cerea (Chachuła et al, 2020;Ślusarczyk, 2018;Vidal et al, 2019).…”