New record of Brachycephalus fuscolineatus Pie, Bornschein, Firkowski, Belmonte-Lopes &amp;amp; Ribeiro, 2015 (Anura, Brachycephalidae) from Santa Catarina state, Brazil

Bornschein, Marcos R.; Teixeira, Larissa; Ribeiro, Luiz Fernando

doi:10.15560/15.3.379

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…This forest, within the Serra do Mar, occurs in an orographic system of profound topographic and altimetric variation which influences rainfall, insolation, exposure to wind, drainage of water of the soil, microclimate, and the distribution of types of vegetation (de Almeida & Carneiro, 1998; Rizzini, 1997; Veloso et al., 1991). It has been shown that these variations affect the distribution and abundance of Brachycephalus in this region (Bornschein, Firkowski et al., 2016; Bornschein, Ribeiro et al., 2016; Bornschein, Ribeiro et al., 2019; Bornschein, Teixeira et al., 2019; Pie, Ribeiro, et al., 2018; Ribeiro et al., 2017) and, here, we presented evidence that the climate could also play a substantial role the skin morphology of this genus.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

Relationships of mineralized dermal layer of mountain endemic miniature frogs with climate

et al. 2022

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The mineralized dermal layer (MDL) is found in most terrestrial anurans. Its thickness represents on average up to 8% of that of the entire skin. It has been proposed that it may reduce body water loss, act on homeostasis, support skin structure, or conversely, it may be a currently functionless trait constrained by groups' evolutionary history. We described the MDL morphology of 11 Brachycephalus species, terrestrial, miniaturized and microendemic anurans, and tested for its relationship with climate of higher latitude regions of the Atlantic Rainforest of Brazil. All species presented MDL, described with two distinct morphological patterns: homogeneous or heterogeneous MDL, the latter distinguishable by MDL with dorsal or lateral expansion, sometimes up to the limit of the epidermis and comprising up to 50% of the thicknesses of the entire skin. Climate differed between locations by MDL morphological group, less rainy or seasonally less rainy where species with heterogeneous MDL occur. Our results indicate that the abundance of calcium in MDL and its heterogeneous condition suggest its adaptive function in reduce water loss. Such adaptations in anurans in very humid highlands reinforce the mountains' propensity for rapid loss of humidity, demystifying them as an extremely abundant source of water. This is the third study that tested the relationship between the MDL morphology and the environment where species occur and the first that correlated this structure with the climate of anurans of the same habit and distributed in a single habitat, the Atlantic Rainforest.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

Relationships of mineralized dermal layer of mountain endemic miniature frogs with climate

et al. 2022

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“…In addition, we also underscore the absence of records of B. sulfuratus in northern Santa Catarina in some well sampled localities. For example, we obtained no records for B. sulfuratus in Morro Boa Vista (26 30′58″S, 49 03′14″W), on the border between the municipalities of Jaraguá do Sul and Massaranduba, where we described B. albolineatus (Bornschein et al, 2016b), Morro do Baú (26 47′58″S, 48 55′47″W), municipality of Ilhota and Morro Braço da Onça (26 44′58″S, 48 55′41″W), municipality of Luiz Alves, where we report B. fuscolineatus (Ribeiro et al, 2015;Bornschein, Teixeira & Ribeiro, 2019), Morro do Cachorro (26 46′42″S, 49 01′57″W), on the border between the municipalities of Blumenau, Gaspar, and Luiz Alves, where we described B. boticario…”

Section: Additional Information and Declarations Fundingmentioning

confidence: 89%

A review of the diagnosis and geographical distribution of the recently described flea toad Brachycephalus sulfuratus in relation to B. hermogenesi (Anura: Brachycephalidae)

Bornschein

Ribeiro

Teixeira

et al. 2021

PeerJ

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Background The flea toad Brachycephalus sulfuratus was recently described from southeastern and southern Brazil. In its description, the authors overlooked previous records of flea toads that had been identified as “Brachycephalus sp. nov.” and B. hermogenesi occurring in the same regions, which could suggest the possibility of up to three flea toads coexisting in southern Brazil. In addition, B. sulfuratus is characterized by substantial phenotypic variability, to an extent that compromises its current diagnosis with respect to its congener B. hermogenesi. Therefore, the current state-of-affairs regarding the geographical distribution of these two species and the identification of previously known populations is hitherto uncertain. Our goals are to reassess previous records of flea toads attributable to B. hermogenesi, B. sulfuratus and “Brachycephalus sp. nov.”, considering the description of B. sulfuratus, and to review the diagnosis of B. sulfuratus. Methods A critical analysis of the species identity of flea toad specimens attributable to B. hermogenesi, B. sulfuratus, or to a potentially undescribed species from southeastern and southern Brazil was based either on the analysis of morphology or on their advertisement calls. These analyses include our independent examinations of specimens and, when not possible, examinations of published descriptions. To allow for a consistent comparison of advertisement calls between B. hermogenesi and B. sulfuratus, we made recordings of both species, including in the type locality of the former. Results We found that morphological and call characters originally proposed as diagnostic for B. sulfuratus in relation to B. hermogenesi vary intraspecifically. Live individuals with ventral yellow spots correspond to B. sulfuratus; individuals without yellow spots can be either B. sulfuratus or B. hermogenesi. In preservative, they are indistinguishable. Previous records of Brachycephalus sp. nov. correspond to B. sulfuratus. We propose that the reduced number of notes per call and the presence of only isolated notes in the call of B. sulfuratus, as opposed to a high number of notes per call with isolated notes and note groups in the call of B. hermogenesi, as the only diagnostic characters between them. Regarding their distributions and based in our assessment, only B. sulfuratus occurs in southern Brazil, without any overlap with B. hermogenesi. There is a narrow gap between the distributions of these species around the southeast of the city of São Paulo. Our revision also revealed that some records previously attributed to B. hermogenesi in Rio de Janeiro and north São Paulo represent a distinct, unidentified flea toad that is not B. sulfuratus. Both species occur side by side in Corcovado, São Paulo, a locality from where five paratypes of B. hermogenesi were obtained. Biogeographic events that might have led to vicariance between B. hermogenesi and B. sulfuratus are discussed.

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Conservation Status of Brachycephalus Toadlets (Anura: Brachycephalidae) from the Brazilian Atlantic Rainforest

2019

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The number of described anurans has increased continuously, with many newly described species determined to be at risk. Most of these new species inhabit hotspots and are under threat of habitat loss, such as Brachycephalus, a genus of small toadlets that inhabits the litter of the Brazilian Atlantic Rainforest. Of 36 known species, 22 were described in the last decade, but only 11 have been assessed according to the IUCN Red List categories, with just one currently listed as Critically Endangered. All available data on occurrence, distribution, density, and threats to Brachycephalus were reviewed. The species extent of occurrence was estimated using the Minimum Convex Polygon method for species with three or more records and by delimiting continuous areas within the altitudinal range of species with up to two records. These data were integrated to assess the conservation status according to the IUCN criteria. Six species have been evaluated as Critically Endangered, five as Endangered, 10 as Vulnerable, five as Least Concern, and 10 as Data Deficient. Deforestation was the most common threat to imperiled Brachycephalus species. The official recognition of these categories might be more readily adopted if the microendemic nature of their geographical distribution is taken into account.

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New record of Brachycephalus fuscolineatus Pie, Bornschein, Firkowski, Belmonte-Lopes & Ribeiro, 2015 (Anura, Brachycephalidae) from Santa Catarina state, Brazil

Cited by 4 publications

References 16 publications

Relationships of mineralized dermal layer of mountain endemic miniature frogs with climate

Relationships of mineralized dermal layer of mountain endemic miniature frogs with climate

A review of the diagnosis and geographical distribution of the recently described flea toad Brachycephalus sulfuratus in relation to B. hermogenesi (Anura: Brachycephalidae)

Conservation Status of Brachycephalus Toadlets (Anura: Brachycephalidae) from the Brazilian Atlantic Rainforest

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