New radiocarbon dating of the transition from the Middle to the Upper Paleolithic in Kebara Cave, Israel

Rebollo, Noemí R.; Weiner, Steve; Brock, Fiona; Meignen, Liliane; Goldberg, Paul; Belfer‐Cohen, Anna; Bar‐Yosef, Ofer; Boaretto, Elisabetta

doi:10.1016/j.jas.2011.05.010

Cited by 92 publications

(92 citation statements)

References 30 publications

(54 reference statements)

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“…This claim creates a contradiction with the chronostratigraphic framework based on the correlation of the three long sequences that span the Middle-to-Upper Paleolithic transition in the region: if Rebollo et al ( 2011 ) are correct for Kebara, the Early Ahmarian would have begun there fi ve to ten millennia earlier than at Ksar' Akil (only 150 km to the north) or Üçağizli (another 240 km further north), and would have been even earlier than the Mousterian of the former and the IUP of the latter. So, either the dates for the pre-Early Ahmarian deposits of Ksar' Akil and Üçağizli are greatly rejuvenated, something that Rebollo et al ( 2011 ) do not suggest, or their interpretation of the Kebara results is fl awed.…”

Section: Early Ahmarian: Kebaramentioning

confidence: 95%

“…So, either the dates for the pre-Early Ahmarian deposits of Ksar' Akil and Üçağizli are greatly rejuvenated, something that Rebollo et al ( 2011 ) do not suggest, or their interpretation of the Kebara results is fl awed.…”

Section: Early Ahmarian: Kebaramentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This approach implies a time of emergence for the Early Ahmarian no earlier than ~40.0-41.5 ka cal BP, in the range of the European Protoaurignacian. Based on a new series of charcoal results (Table 3.2 ), Rebollo et al ( 2011 ), however, have since claimed that, at Kebara, the Early Ahmarian emerged no earlier than ~49 and no later than ~46 ka cal BP.…”

Section: Early Ahmarian: Kebaramentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The charcoal samples collected in the fi eld by Rebollo et al ( 2011 ) come from Early Ahmarian units III and IV, and from Mousterian unit V. A fi rst set of results was obtained on subsamples pre-treated at the Weizmann Institute with the standard ABA (Acid-Base-Acid) protocol and then measured at the ORAU; the second set was obtained on untreated subsamples processed with the ABOx-SC (Acid-BaseOxidation-Stepped Combustion) protocol at the ORAU and measured there.…”

Section: The Discrepancy Between Aba and Aboxmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Neandertal-Modern Human Contact in Western Eurasia: Issues of Dating, Taxonomy, and Cultural Associations

Zilhão

2013

Dynamics of Learning in Neanderthals and Modern Humans Volume 1

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Supporting Assimilation views of Neandertal/modern human interaction, chronostratigraphic reasoning indicates that the "transitional" industries of Europe predate modern human immigration, in agreement with their association with Neandertals in the Châtelperronian at the Grotte du Renne and St.-Césaire. Supporting the Neandertals' species separateness and less developed cognition, those industries are alternatively claimed to relate to pioneer groups of modern humans; the latter would have been the true makers of the precocious instances of symbolic material culture that, under Assimilation, are assigned to the Neandertals. However, the taxonomy of the Kent's Cavern and Grotta del Cavallo dental remains is uncertain, and their poor stratigraphic context precludes dating by association. The opposite happens at the Grotte du Renne, whose stratigraphic integrity is corroborated by both taphonomy and dating. Not questioning that the Early Ahmarian is a cultural proxy for modern humans and a source for the Protoaurignacian of Europe, its claimed emergence ~46-49 ka ago at Kebara refl ects the dating of Middle Paleolithic charcoal-to be expected, because the Early Ahmarian units at the back of the cave are made up of reworked Middle Paleolithic sediments derived from the entrance. The dating of inherited material also explains the old results for the Aurignacian of Willendorf II and Geissenklösterle. At the latter, the dates on anthropically modifi ed samples of the hunted taxa (reindeer and horse) place its Aurignacian occupations in the same time range as elsewhere in Europe, after ~40 ka ago. The hypothesis that Neandertal/modern human contact in Europe resulted in a process of assimilation in connection with the spread of the Protoaurignacian ~41.5 ka ago remains unfalsifi ed.

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Section: Early Ahmarian: Kebaramentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Early Ahmarian: Kebaramentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Early Ahmarian: Kebaramentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Discrepancy Between Aba and Aboxmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Neandertal-Modern Human Contact in Western Eurasia: Issues of Dating, Taxonomy, and Cultural Associations

Zilhão

2013

Dynamics of Learning in Neanderthals and Modern Humans Volume 1

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The first published dates for the deposits from Kebara Level D place the deposits between 41,000 BP and 30,000 BP (uncalibrated) (Broecker and Kulp, 1957;Vogel and Waterbolk, 1963). Although a further series of dates was published after the 1996 excavations (BarYosef et al, 1996) a more recent publication retested dating of the archaeological levels from the terrace using ultra-filtration and places the Upper Paleolithic IV (Layer D) between 47/46.000 cal BP (Rebollo et al, 2011).…”

Section: The Human Remains From El-wad Cavementioning

confidence: 99%

Sir Arthur Keith's Legacy: Re-discovering a lost collection of human fossils

Groote¹,

Bello²,

Kruszynski³

et al. 2014

Quaternary International

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Sediment micromorphology and site formation processes during the Middle to Later Stone Ages at the Haua Fteah Cave, Cyrenaica, Libya

Inglis

French

Farr³

et al. 2017

Geoarchaeology

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Understanding the timing, conditions, and characteristics of the Middle to Later Stone Age (MSA/LSA) transition in North Africa is critical for debates regarding the evolution and past population dynamics of Homo sapiens, especially their dispersals within, out of, and back into, Africa. As with many cultural transitions during the Palaeolithic, our understanding is based predominantly on archaeological and paleoenvironmental records preserved within a small number of deep cave sediment sequences. To use such sequences as chronological cornerstones we must develop a robust understanding of the formation processes that created them. This paper utilizes geoarchaeological analyses (field observations, sediment micromorphology, bulk sedimentology) to examine site formation processes and stratigraphic integrity during the MSA/LSA at the Haua Fteah cave, Libya, one of North Africa's longest cultural sequences. The depositional processes identified vary in mode and energy, from eolian deposition/reworking to mass colluvial mudflows. These changing processes impact greatly on the interpretation of the paleoenvironmental and archaeological records, not least in identifying potential colluvial sediment deposition and reworking in layers identified as containing the MSA/LSA transition. This study highlights the importance of developing geoarchaeological analyses of cultural sequences to fully unravel the limitations and potential of their contained archaeological and paleoenvironmental records.

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New radiocarbon dating of the transition from the Middle to the Upper Paleolithic in Kebara Cave, Israel

Cited by 92 publications

References 30 publications

Neandertal-Modern Human Contact in Western Eurasia: Issues of Dating, Taxonomy, and Cultural Associations

Neandertal-Modern Human Contact in Western Eurasia: Issues of Dating, Taxonomy, and Cultural Associations

Sir Arthur Keith's Legacy: Re-discovering a lost collection of human fossils

Sediment micromorphology and site formation processes during the Middle to Later Stone Ages at the Haua Fteah Cave, Cyrenaica, Libya

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