New putative virulence factors of Streptococcus suis involved in invasion of porcine brain microvascular endothelial cells

Vanier, Ghyslaine; Fittipaldi, Nahuel; Slater, Josh; Domínguez-Punaro, María de la Cruz; Rycroft, Andrew N.; Segura, Mariela; Maskell, Duncan J.; Gottschalk, Marcelo

doi:10.1016/j.micpath.2008.10.003

Cited by 35 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Some LPXTG-containing surface proteins have been characterized as virulence factors in S. suis. These include the opacity factor (5), the virulence marker MRP (50), and a surface protein associated with invasion of porcine brain endothelial cells (58). To date, the functions of most of the LPXTG-containing proteins in S. suis are unknown.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fhb, a Novel Factor H-Binding Surface Protein, Contributes to the Antiphagocytic Ability and Virulence of Streptococcus suis

et al. 2012

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ABSTRACTStreptococcus suisserotype 2 is a Gram-positive bacterium that causes sepsis and meningitis in piglets and humans. The mechanisms ofS. suisserotype 2 invasive disease are not well understood. The surface proteins of pathogens usually play important roles in infection and bacterium-host interactions. Here, we identified a novel surface protein that contributed significantly to the virulence ofS. suisserotype 2 in a piglet infection model. This protein showed little similarity to other reported proteins and exhibited strong binding activity to human factor H (hFH). It was designated Fhb (factor H-binding protein). Thefhbgenes found inS. suisserotypes 1, 2, 4, 7, and 9 exhibited molecular polymorphism. Fhb possessed two proline-rich repeat sequences and XPZ domains, and one repeat sequence exhibited a high homology to Bac, an IgA-binding protein ofStreptococcus agalactiae. Evidence strongly indicated thatfhb-deficient mutants had diminished phagocytosis resistance in bactericidal assays. In addition, Fhb plays important roles in complement-mediated immunity by interacting with hFH. These findings indicated that Fhb is a crucial surface protein contributing to the virulence ofS. suis, with important functions in evading innate immune defenses by interaction with host complement regulatory factor hFH.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fhb, a Novel Factor H-Binding Surface Protein, Contributes to the Antiphagocytic Ability and Virulence of Streptococcus suis

et al. 2012

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“…The exact way the two species were able to exchange genes is not known, since they do not share the same ecological niche in the farm environment. Cell envelope proteases are virulence factors in pathogenic streptococci, such as CspA in S. agalactiae (8) and possibly PrtS in S. suis (41). However, it is very likely that the protease has only a fitness function in S. thermophilus, aiding its growth in milk.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emergence of a Cell Wall Protease in the Streptococcus thermophilus Population

Delorme

Bartholini

Bolotine

et al. 2010

Appl Environ Microbiol

106

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Streptococcus thermophilus is perceived as a recently emerged food bacterium that evolved from a commensal ancestor by loss and gain of functions. Here, we provide data allowing a better understanding of this evolutionary scheme. A multilocus sequence typing approach that we developed showed that S. thermophilus diverges significantly from its potential ancestors of the salivarius group and displays a low level of allelic variability, confirming its likely recent emergence. An analysis of the origin and dissemination of the prtS gene was carried out within this evolutionary scheme. This gene encodes a protease that allows better growth in milk by facilitating casein breakdown to supply amino acids. The S. thermophilus protease exhibits 95% identity to the animal Streptococcus suis protein PrtS. Genomic analysis showed that prtS is part of an island flanked by two tandem insertion sequence elements and containing three other genes which present the best identities and synteny with the S. suis genome. These data indicate a potential origin for this "ecological" island in a species closely related to S. suis. The analysis of the distribution of the prtS gene in S. thermophilus showed that the gene is infrequent in historical collections but frequent in recent industrial ones. Moreover, this "ecological" island conferring an important metabolic trait for milk adaptation appears to have disseminated by lateral transfer in the S. thermophilus population. Taken together, these data support an evolutionary scheme of S. thermophilus where gene acquisition and selection by food producers are determining factors. The source and impact of genes acquired by horizontal gene transfer on the physiology and safety of strains should be addressed.

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“…The (210). These genes were characterized as encoding proteins belonging to the following groups: surface proteins, transport/binding proteins, regulatory functions, metabolism, amino acid synthesis, protein synthesis, and hypothetical proteins.…”

Section: Bacterial Mechanisms Of Brain Invasionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathogens Penetrating the Central Nervous System: Infection Pathways and the Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Invasion

et al. 2014

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SUMMARY The brain is well protected against microbial invasion by cellular barriers, such as the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier (BCSFB). In addition, cells within the central nervous system (CNS) are capable of producing an immune response against invading pathogens. Nonetheless, a range of pathogenic microbes make their way to the CNS, and the resulting infections can cause significant morbidity and mortality. Bacteria, amoebae, fungi, and viruses are capable of CNS invasion, with the latter using axonal transport as a common route of infection. In this review, we compare the mechanisms by which bacterial pathogens reach the CNS and infect the brain. In particular, we focus on recent data regarding mechanisms of bacterial translocation from the nasal mucosa to the brain, which represents a little explored pathway of bacterial invasion but has been proposed as being particularly important in explaining how infection with Burkholderia pseudomallei can result in melioidosis encephalomyelitis.

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New putative virulence factors of Streptococcus suis involved in invasion of porcine brain microvascular endothelial cells

Cited by 35 publications

References 48 publications

Fhb, a Novel Factor H-Binding Surface Protein, Contributes to the Antiphagocytic Ability and Virulence of Streptococcus suis

Fhb, a Novel Factor H-Binding Surface Protein, Contributes to the Antiphagocytic Ability and Virulence of Streptococcus suis

Emergence of a Cell Wall Protease in the Streptococcus thermophilus Population

Pathogens Penetrating the Central Nervous System: Infection Pathways and the Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Invasion

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