New Process Technologies for the Deposition of Semiconducting Metal Oxide Nanoparticles for Sensing

Kemmler, J.; Schopf, Sven O.; Mädler, Lutz; Bârsan, Nicolae

doi:10.1016/j.proeng.2014.11.257

Cited by 18 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…The primary particle size had been conserved as well as the specific surface area of the particles. The effect of the lamination was to enlarge the number of particle-particle connections by decreasing the porosity from 89% to 80% [ 16 , 42 ]. Furthermore, it has been demonstrated that tuning the light absorption characteristics by lamination is possible [ 43 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Control of Porous Layer Thickness in Thermophoretic Deposition of Nanoparticles

et al. 2021

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The film thickness plays an important role in the performance of materials applicable to different technologies including chemical sensors, catalysis and/or energy materials. The relationship between the surface and volume of the functional layers is key to high performance evaluations. Here we demonstrate the thermophoretic deposition of different thicknesses of the functional layers designed using flame combustion of tin 2-ethylhexanoate dissolved in xylene, and measurement of thickness by scanning electron microscopy and focused ion beam. The parameters such as spray fluid concentration (differing Sn2+ content), substrate-nozzle distance and time of the spray were considered to investigate the layer growth. The results showed ≈ 23, 124 and 161 μm thickness of the SnO2 layer after flame spray of 0.1, 0.5 M and 1.0 M tin 2-EHA-Xylene solutions for 1200 s. While Sn2+ concentration was 0.5 M for all the flame sprays, the substrates placed at 250, 220 and 200 mm from the flame nozzle had layer thicknesses of 113, 116 and 132 µm, respectively. Spray time dependent thickness growth showed a linear increase from 8.5 to 152.1 µm when the substrates were flame sprayed for 30 s to 1200 s using 0.5 M tin 2-EHA-Xylene solutions. Changing the dispersion oxygen flow (3–7 L/min) had almost no effect on layer thickness. Layers fabricated were compared to a model found in literature, which seems to describe the thickness well in the domain of varied parameters. It turned out that primary particle size deposited on the substrate can be tuned without altering the layer thickness and with little effect on porosity. Applications depending on porosity, such as catalysis or gas sensing, can benefit from tuning the layer thickness and primary particle size.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Control of Porous Layer Thickness in Thermophoretic Deposition of Nanoparticles

et al. 2021

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“…New preparation modes were recently reported to overcome the various limitations seen in conventional blending regarding the arbitrary distribution of nanoparticles in the polymer matrix, namely vapor condensation, capillary rise infiltration and ink-jetting. [6,7,[11][12][13][14] One of these new methods is based on the preparation of a highly porous nanoparticle scaffold formed by flame spray pyrolysis (FSP) [15] and the infiltration of the pores with a photo-curable monomer. [16] In a second step, the monomer is photo-polymerized under preservation of the initial particle network, forming an inverse NPC.…”

Section: Graphical Abstract Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In situ polymerization monitoring of a diacrylate in an electrically conducting mesoporous nanoparticle scaffold

2022

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The properties of nanoparticle–polymer composites strongly depend on the network structure of the polymer matrix. By introducing nanoparticles into a monomer (solution) and subsequently polymerizing it, the formation of the polymer phase influences the mechanical and physicochemical properties of the composite. In this study, semi-conducting indium tin oxide (ITO) nanoparticles were prepared to form a rigid nanoparticle scaffold in which 1,6-hexanediol diacrylate (HDDA), together with an initiator for photo-polymerization, was infiltrated and subsequently polymerized by UV light. During this process, the polymerization reaction was characterized using rapid scan Kubelka–Munk FT-IR spectroscopy and compared to bulk HDDA. The conductivity change of the ITO nanoparticles was monitored and correlated with the polymerization process. It was revealed that the reaction rates of the radical initiation and chain propagation are reduced when cured inside the voids of the nanoparticle scaffold. The degree of conversion is lower for HDDA infiltrated into the mesoporous ITO nanoparticle scaffold compared to purely bulk-polymerized HDDA. Graphical abstract

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“…Compared to highly porous LTO particle networks, lower residual porosities will provide (1) a larger interparticular LTO contact area and (2) increased interfacial contact areas to the neighboring layers in a TFB. The additional electron 39 and lithium-ion diffusion pathways will, eventually, lead to enhanced practicable capacities of the LTO film. To test this hypothesis, the as-prepared highly porous LTO electrodes were compacted at comparably high and low pressures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancing the Utilization of Porous Li₄Ti₅O₁₂Layers for Thin-Film Lithium-Ion Batteries

Gockeln

Ruiter

Saura

et al. 2020

ACS Appl. Energy Mater.

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Thin-film lithium-ion batteries (TFBs) are promising components for powering rigid and mechanically flexible electronic devices. The production of such all-solid-state power units is yet complex and cost-intensive, and the performance is to be improved. Because binders are often absent in TFBs, it is a key issue to retain the mechanical stability and reversible discharge capacities upon mechanical bending. One approach to reduce contact losses upon cell-bending may be the fabrication of electrodes with controlled residual porosities. The remaining voids could buffer occurring volume changes during cycling of typical cathode materials. To systematically approach the fabrication of long-living highperformance flexible TFBs, this work addresses the relationship between different residual porosities of pure TFB electrodes and their electrochemical performance in flat TFB systems. Crystalline and phase-pure Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 (LTO) thin-film electrodes were deposited in situ with the flame spray pyrolysis technique and compressed at two different pressures. Zero-strain LTO has been chosen as a model material because it enabled us to understand the sole impact of porosity on electrochemical performances without interfering volume changes. Our results showed that denser LTO particle networks were accompanied by a larger number of LTO particle contacts. Also, the LTO contact densities to the neighboring interfaces in a TFB cell have increased. The improved electrode contacting led to reduced electrical sheet resistivities and significantly increased practicable capacities. Future projects will require the substitution of LTO with high-voltage cathode materials to maximize energy densities. Cycling under statically and dynamically bent condition will answer whether tuned residual porosities are useful for the production of long-living flexible TFBs.

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New Process Technologies for the Deposition of Semiconducting Metal Oxide Nanoparticles for Sensing

Cited by 18 publications

References 8 publications

Control of Porous Layer Thickness in Thermophoretic Deposition of Nanoparticles

Control of Porous Layer Thickness in Thermophoretic Deposition of Nanoparticles

In situ polymerization monitoring of a diacrylate in an electrically conducting mesoporous nanoparticle scaffold

Enhancing the Utilization of Porous Li₄Ti₅O₁₂Layers for Thin-Film Lithium-Ion Batteries

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New Process Technologies for the Deposition of Semiconducting Metal Oxide Nanoparticles for Sensing

Cited by 18 publications

References 8 publications

Control of Porous Layer Thickness in Thermophoretic Deposition of Nanoparticles

Control of Porous Layer Thickness in Thermophoretic Deposition of Nanoparticles

In situ polymerization monitoring of a diacrylate in an electrically conducting mesoporous nanoparticle scaffold

Enhancing the Utilization of Porous Li4Ti5O12Layers for Thin-Film Lithium-Ion Batteries

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Enhancing the Utilization of Porous Li₄Ti₅O₁₂Layers for Thin-Film Lithium-Ion Batteries