New probiotic strains for inflammatory bowel disease management identified by combining in vitro and in vivo approaches

Abstract

Alterations in the gut microbiota composition play a key role in the development of chronic diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The potential use of probiotics therefore gained attention, although outcomes were sometimes conflicting and results largely strain-dependent. The present study aimed to identify new probiotic strains that have a high potential for the management of this type of pathologies. Strains were selected from a large collection by combining different in vitro and in vivo approaches, addressing both anti-inflammatory potential and ability to improve the gut barrier function. We identified six strains with an interesting anti-inflammatory profile on peripheral blood mononuclear cells and with the ability to restore the gut barrier using a gut permeability model based on Caco-2 cells sensitized with hydrogen peroxide. The in vivo evaluation in two 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid-induced murine models of colitis highlighted that some of the strains exhibited beneficial activities against acute colitis while others improved chronic colitis. Bifidobacterium bifidum PI22, the strain that exhibited the most protective capacities against acute colitis was only slightly efficacious against chronic colitis, while Bifidobacterium lactis LA804 which was less efficacious in the acute model was the most protective against chronic colitis. Lactobacillus helveticus PI5 was not anti-inflammatory in vitro but the best in strengthening the epithelial barrier and as such able to significantly dampen murine acute colitis. Interestingly, Lactobacillus salivarius LA307 protected mice significantly against both types of colitis. This work provides crucial clues for selecting the best strains for more efficacious therapeutic approaches in the management of chronic inflammatory diseases. The strategy employed allowed us to identify four strains with different characteristics and a high potential for the management of inflammatory diseases, such as IBD.

Characterization of Lactic Acid Bacteria Isolated From the Gastrointestinal Tract of a Wild Boar as Potential Probiotics

“…LAB exist in a wide range of habitats, including gastrointestinal (GI) tracts, oral cavities, vaginal tracts of humans and animals, fermented foods, silages, and composts (7). They possess various health benefits to the host, such as enhancement of immune function (8), improved digestion (9), management of inflammatory bowel diseases (10), alleviation of constipation (11), and strengthening the mucosal barrier (12). Some LAB isolates even hold anticancer or antidiabetic effects (13,14).…”

Gut Dysbiosis Is Related With Activity And Remission Phases Of Ulcerative Colitis And Healthy Condition

“…Furthermore, studies characterizing gut microbiota composition and its modi cation during UC are relevant, since: a) UC provides a higher risk for colorectal cancer, whereas gut dysbiosis is thought to facilitate colorectal cancer development; b) the study of gut microbial communities during clinical phases of UC contributes to a better understanding of potential interactions with host immune response; c) characterization of speci c genus of gut microbial communities may own potential clinical application derived from their association with active or remission phases of UC; and d) speci c microbial manipulation, concomitant to antibiotic use, is currently used as a therapeutic approach for UC [49,60,61].…”

Analysis of the gut microbiome of Japanese inflammatory bowel disease patients

“…Interestingly, this feature was maintained in both CD and UC patients, despite their gut microbiome dysbiosis. Bi dobacterium has been shown to have bene cial effects for human health, such as improving mucosal barrier function and reducing in ammation by producing short-chain fatty acids and vitamins, and is used in probiotics as one treatment option for IBD [34][35][36][37]. A previous Western study analyzing the treatment-naïve CD microbiome showed that Bi dobacterium abundance decreased in CD patients [7].…”

“…The high abundance of Bi dobacterium in the gut microbiome of Japanese individuals was considered as a potential factor explaining the low IBD prevalence in Japanese populations; however, in our study, this unique feature was detected not only in healthy individuals but also in IBD patients. Members of the genus Bi dobacterium can have species-dependent effects [34,36,37], and thus further species-level research is needed to understand the role of Bi dobacterium in the pathogenesis of IBD.…”