New polymers from epoxidized soybean oil with pyridine derivatives

Abstract

In this study 4-methylpyridine (4MP), 4-vinylpyridine (4VP) and poly(4-vinylpyridine) (P4VP) were separately reacted with epoxidized soybean oil triglycerides (ESO) to give plant oil based thermoset polymers. The addition reaction of pyridine with epoxide followed by a rearrangement results in formation of pyridone units and these were polymerized via a Diels-Alder reaction. DMA, DSC, TGA and IR spectroscopy were used for the characterization of the products. 4MP-ESO, P4VP-ESO and P4VP-ESO-in situ polymers were crosslinked yielding rigid infusible polymers. Glass transition temperatures (T g ) of 4MP-ESO and P4VP-ESO-in situ were found as À10.5 and 70.5 (32.3 as shoulder) C respectively, by DMA analysis. Storage moduli of 4MP-ESO and P4VP-ESO-in situ at 25 C were 13.7 and 187.2 MPa, respectively.

Applying the Principles of Green Chemistry to Polymer Production Technology

“…Linoleum provides a durable and environmentally friendly alternative to PVC flooring. In recent years, extensive studies have been carried out on the production of various polymers from plant oils . However, their use as monomers presents two major challenges: (i) their chemical structure is often heterogeneous and variable; and (ii) extraction of plant oils can be costly due to their typically low concentrations and seasonally variable compositions …”

Carbonyldiimidazole‐accelerated efficient cure of epoxidized soybean oil with dicyandiamide

“…The curing strategy of EVO through both step‐growth polymerization and chain‐growth polymerization (i.e., ring‐opening polymerization) has been widely studied. For example, various anhydrides, acids, amines, pyridine derivatives, and phenols were used to cross‐link the epoxy groups contained in EVO chains, and several photo‐initiators and cationic polymerization initiators were reported as a successful initiator for chain‐growth polymerizations. However, in contrast with the terminal epoxy groups (glycidyl), the internal epoxy groups of EVO hardly accept nucleophilic attacks, resulting in poor reactivity for curing.…”