New polymer electrolytes based on blends of sulfonated polysulfones with polybenzimidazole

Hasiotis, C.; Deimede, Valadoula; Kontoyannis, Christos G.

doi:10.1016/s0013-4686(01)00437-6

Cited by 133 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Further doping of PBI-based acid-base blend membranes with phosphoric acid gives a ternary membrane [159,160]. Compared with acid-doped pure PBI membranes, this ternary membrane has improved mechanical strength, allowing for a higher acid-doping level and therefore high conductivity and better fuel cell performance.…”

Section: Ionic Cross-linkingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Long-term durability with a degradation rate of 5 V h −1 has been achieved under continuous operation with hydrogen and air at [150][151][152][153][154][155][156][157][158][159][160] • C. With load or thermal cycling, a performance loss of 300 V per cycle or 40 V h −1 per operating hour was observed. Further improvement should be done by, e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

See 1 more Smart Citation

High temperature proton exchange membranes based on polybenzimidazoles for fuel cells

Jensen

Savinell

et al. 2009

Progress in Polymer Science

1,235

852

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This article appeared in a journal published by Elsevier. The attached copy is furnished to the author for internal non-commercial research and education use, including for instruction at the authors institution and sharing with colleagues.Other uses, including reproduction and distribution, or selling or licensing copies, or posting to personal, institutional or third party websites are prohibited. To achieve high temperature operation of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC), preferably under ambient pressure, acid-base polymer membranes represent an effective approach. The phosphoric acid-doped polybenzimidazole membrane seems so far the most successful system in the field. It has in recent years motivated extensive research activities with great progress. This treatise is devoted to updating the development, covering polymer synthesis, membrane casting, physicochemical characterizations and fuel cell technologies. To optimize the membrane properties, high molecular weight polymers with synthetically modified or N-substituted structures have been synthesized. Techniques for membrane casting from organic solutions and directly from acid solutions have been developed. Ionic and covalent cross-linking as well as inorganic-organic composites has been explored. Membrane characterizations have been made including spectroscopy, water uptake and acid doping, thermal and oxidative stability, conductivity, electro-osmotic water drag, methanol crossover, solubility and permeability of gases, and oxygen reduction kinetics. Related fuel cell technologies such as electrode and MEA fabrication have been developed and high temperature PEMFC has been successfully demonstrated at temperatures of up to 200• C under ambient pressure. No gas humidification is mandatory, which enables the elimination of the complicated humidification system, compared with Nafion cells. Other operating features of the PBI cell include easy control of air flow rate, cell temperature and cooling. The PBI cell operating at above 150• C can tolerate up to 1% CO and 10 ppm SO 2 in the fuel stream, allowing for simplification of the fuel processing system and possible integration of the fuel cell stack with fuel processing units. Long-term durability with a degradation rate of 5 V h −1 has been achieved under continuous operation with hydrogen and air at 150-160• C. With load or thermal cycling, a performance loss of 300 V per cycle or 40 V h −1 per operating hour was observed. Further improvement should be done by, e.g. optimizing the thermal and chemical stability of the polymer, acid-base interaction and acid management, activity and stability of catalyst and more importantly the catalyst support, as well as the integral interface between electrode and membrane.

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Section: Ionic Cross-linkingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

High temperature proton exchange membranes based on polybenzimidazoles for fuel cells

Jensen

Savinell

et al. 2009

Progress in Polymer Science

1,235

852

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Ionic crosslinking. Ionic crosslinking is effective for reinforcing the mechanical strength of PEM materials [149][150][151][152]. Crosslinking is mainly achieved by blending a sulfonated copolymer, particularly in the form of a salt (e.g., -SO 3 − Na + ), with a basic polymer (e.g., polybenzimidazole (PBI)).…”

Section: Crosslinked Pemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, when hydrophilic SiO 2 nanoparticles with different average diameters (7,12, and 14 nm) and surface areas (150,200, 300, and 380 m 2 g −1 ) were added to a BPSH-40 (DS = 40) random copolymer at the same concentration, both inorganic characteristics contributed to the transport behavior of small molecules (e.g., water) and/or ions (e.g., proton) through corresponding BPSH-40 SiO 2 nanocomposite membranes [227]. The smallest SiO 2 particles (7 nm) with the largest surface area (380 m 2 g −1 ) had the highest Si-OH concentration per unit gram, which gave rise to a considerable increase in the bound water content.…”

Section: Organic-inorganic Composite Pemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sulfonated hydrocarbon membranes for medium-temperature and low-humidity proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs)

Park

Lee

Guiver

2011

Progress in Polymer Science

611

229

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“…13,[29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48] Three common approaches are typically employed for functionalizing PBI: (1) direct sulfonation of the backbone, 29,47,49 (2)chemical grafting of functionalized monomers, 31,35 or (3) polycondensation of a sulfonated aromatic diacid with an aromatic tetraamine. 30,50 The last method provides advantages over the first two, such as limitation of side reactions and control over the degree of sulfonation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sulfonated Polybenzimidazoles for High Temperature PEM Fuel Cells

2010

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High molecular weight, highly PA-doped s-PBI membranes have been developed with robust mechanical properties and excellent proton conductivities (>0.1 S cm -1 ) at elevated temperatures (>100°C). These membranes show high PA loadings of 30-35 mol PA/PBI, and average tensile stress and strain of 0.804 MPa and 69.64%, respectively. Proton conductivities were dependent on the acid doping level and measured between 0.1 and 0.25 S cm -1 at 180°C, a pronounced increase over most phosphoric acid-doped sulfonated PBI membranes to date. Preliminary fuel cell testing with hydrogen fuel and air or oxygen oxidants was performed at temperatures greater than 100°C without external feed gas humidification and show excellent performance (0.62-0.68 V at 0.2 A cm -2 and 160°C, hydrogen/air; 0.69-0.76 V at 0.2 A cm -2 and 160°C, hydrogen/oxygen). Initial performance stability studies were conducted for ∼3000 h and indicate great promise as high temperature membranes, with a degradation rate of 30 μV h -1 .

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New polymer electrolytes based on blends of sulfonated polysulfones with polybenzimidazole

Cited by 133 publications

References 26 publications

High temperature proton exchange membranes based on polybenzimidazoles for fuel cells

High temperature proton exchange membranes based on polybenzimidazoles for fuel cells

Sulfonated hydrocarbon membranes for medium-temperature and low-humidity proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs)

Sulfonated Polybenzimidazoles for High Temperature PEM Fuel Cells

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