New Physical Effects in Metal Deuterides

Hagelstein, Peter L.; McKubre, Michael C. H.; Nagel, D. J.; Chubb, T. A.; Hekman, Randall J.

doi:10.1142/9789812774354_0003

Cited by 16 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…The calculation results correspond within an order of magnitude to the experimental measurements of excess energy output (see, for example, [5] and reviews in [1,6]). …”

supporting

confidence: 75%

“…Besides, in LaD 3 there are closelyspaced adjacent octahedral and tetrahedral sites occupied by deuterium. Thus, if it is able to provide high mobility of deuterons in LaD 3 crystal lattice, the reaction rate will be only slight lower than the rate calculated earlier [1][2][3] and experimentally observed in palladium deuteride (see, for example, [5] and reviews in [1,6]). …”

mentioning

confidence: 72%

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Calculations of Nuclear Reactions Probability in a Crystal Lattice of Lanthanum Deuteride

Kirkinskii

Novikov

2006

Condensed Matter Nuclear Science

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The dynamic model of electron orbitals deformation (EODD) was previously devised for palladium deuteride. It has now been applied to calculate the probability of nuclear reactions of hydrogen isotopes in the crystal lattice of lanthanum deuteride. In a series of computer simulations, the probability of D-D approach for random initial conditions was calculated, when the initial energies of the approaching deuterons were set in the range of 0.001-9.0 eV. For each experimental value of D-D approach the reaction rate was calculated on the shifted Coulomb potential with the shift energy, which equals to the energy of screening. The mean distance of D-D approach on the whole series equals 0.19 Å. More than 54% of all experimental values show an approach of deuterons for a distance less than 0.1 Å. The average reaction rate for the given set of the initial conditions is 10 3.28 DD -1 s -1 . This is three orders of magnitude less than the analogous rate calculated earlier for palladium deuteride. Allowing for the higher D content and the higher number of adjacent tetrahedral sites in LaD 3 as compared with PdD 0,6 , an overall nuclear fusion rate in lanthanum deuteride will be only slight lower than in palladium deuteride, that is, 10 -12 -10 -14 DD -1 s -1 .To achieve a more sophisticated understanding of the mechanism and peculiar features of nuclear reactions in condensed matter, it is very important to expand a circle of substances that have been investigated. However, direct experimental research of new materials involves considerable difficulties, as the observable effects only slightly exceed the sensitivity of instrumentation, or the background level. In this connection, a random search of all substances to find which ones can catalyze cold nuclear fusion would be labor consuming and ineffective, especially taking into account the variations of their physical state and impurity content. Although most research on nuclear reactions in metal have been done with palladium, the high price and limited quantities of this material hinder the practical use of it. From the foregoing, the importance of theoretical calculation for search of materials is clear -a search to find which materials can be activated to produce nuclear fusion at low energies.We conducted a simulation of nuclear reactions of deuterium in palladium crystal lattice based on a dynamic model of electron orbital deformation in which hydrogen atom are located in octahedral sites of closely packed metal atoms [1][2][3][4]. The calculation results correspond within an order of magnitude to the experimental measurements of excess energy output (see, for example, [5] and reviews in [1,6]).Later, using the same model, the rate of a nuclear reaction was calculated in a titanium deuteride, where deuterium atoms are situated in tetrahedral sites of a crystal lattice, and the limiting content corresponds to TiD 2 crystal structure [4].

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“…The calculation results correspond within an order of magnitude to the experimental measurements of excess energy output (see, for example, [5] and reviews in [1,6]). …”

supporting

confidence: 75%

mentioning

confidence: 72%

Calculations of Nuclear Reactions Probability in a Crystal Lattice of Lanthanum Deuteride

Kirkinskii

Novikov

2006

Condensed Matter Nuclear Science

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“…Storms 11 also presents another heat-He plot as Figure 47 in his book. However, this plot shows no correlation such as presented by K&M or Hagelstein 49 . In fact, digitizing the data of Figure 47 and neglecting the one obvious flyer at the lowest excess power value produced a correlation coefficient of 0.0995.…”

Section: Temporal Correlations and Otherwisementioning

confidence: 60%

“…Another correlation often pointed to is the 4 He-excess heat correlation presented by Hagelstein, et al 49 There is an additional problem regarding the span of data chosen to construct the plot as well. The data in Figure 6 is also presented as time plots spanning 45 and 20 days in Figures 12 and 13 of that report 49 , respectively.…”

Section: Temporal Correlations and Otherwisementioning

confidence: 99%

Comments on “A new look at low-energy nuclear reaction research”

Shanahan

2010

J. Environ. Monit.

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Cold fusion researchers have accumulated a large body of anomalous results over the last 20 years that they claim proves a new, mysterious nuclear reaction is active in systems they study. Krivit and Marwan 1 give a brief and wholly positive view of this body of research. Unfortunately, cold fusion researchers routinely ignore conventional explanations of their observations, and claim much greater than real accuracy and precision for their techniques. This paper attempts to equally briefly address those aspects of the field with the intent of providing a balanced view of the field, and to establish some criteria for subsequent publications in this arena.

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“…In addition, 4 He has been observed in the gas phase in amounts in proportion with the energy produced (Miles et al 1993(Miles et al , 1994, (Miles 2004), (Hagelstein et al 2005). The latter observation was unexpected, and remains even now an astonishing result.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Constraints on energetic particles in the Fleischmann–Pons experiment

Hagelstein

2010

Naturwissenschaften

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In recent Fleischmann-Pons experiments carried out by different groups, a thermal signal is seen indicative of excess energy production of a magnitude much greater than can be accounted for by chemistry. Correlated with the excess heat appears to be 4 He, with the associated energy near 24 MeV per helium atom. In nuclear reactions, the energy produced is expressed through the kinetic energy of the products; hence it would be natural to assume that some of the reaction energy ends up as kinetic energy of the 4 He nucleus. Depending on the energy that the helium nucleus is born with, it will result in radiation (such as neutrons or x-rays) that can be seen outside of the cell. We have computed estimates of the expected neutron and x-ray emission as a function of helium energy, and compared the results with upper limits taken from experiments.Experimental results with upper limits of neutron emission between 0.008 to 0.8 n/J are found to correspond to upper limits in alpha energy between 6.2 keV and 20.2 keV.

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New Physical Effects in Metal Deuterides

Abstract: The experimental evidence for anomalies in metal deuterides, including excess heat and nuclear emissions, suggests the existence of new physical effects.

Cited by 16 publications

References 39 publications

Calculations of Nuclear Reactions Probability in a Crystal Lattice of Lanthanum Deuteride

Calculations of Nuclear Reactions Probability in a Crystal Lattice of Lanthanum Deuteride

Comments on “A new look at low-energy nuclear reaction research”

Constraints on energetic particles in the Fleischmann–Pons experiment

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