New phenotypes for new breeding goals in pigs

Merks, J.W.M.; Mathur, P. K.; Knol, E.F.

doi:10.1017/s1751731111002266

Cited by 83 publications

(77 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…For instance, researches are needed to develop new technologies for automatic recording of thermoregulation measurements in order to accurately estimate individual variation. However, the evaluation of heat tolerance in breeding programs could be conducted basically through (i) the use of conventional traits (production and reproduction) by evaluating pig's breeding values as a function of thermal HS (ii) using new phenotypes (Merks et al, 2012) such as selecting for heat resistance while keeping up the production efficiency. The first method is simpler to implement than the second, but the second method explores both resistance and resilience pathways.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, in the United States, HS has been estimated to increase sow mortality by 0.01% to 0.36% and to increase growing pig mortality by 0.02% to 0.6%, leading to a global yearly economic loss around $300 million (St-Pierre et al, 2003). Genetic selection performed in optimally controlled conditions, has allowed significant improvement in reproductive traits and lean tissue growth rate (Merks et al, 2012). Thus, metabolic heat production of pig had increased with the improvement of production traits.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genetic parameters for thermoregulation and production traits in lactating sows reared in tropical climate

Gourdine

Mandonnet

Giorgi³

et al. 2017

Animal

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The objective of this study was to estimate the genetic parameters for thermoregulation traits and the relationships with performance of Large White lactating sows reared in a tropical humid climate. The thermoregulation traits were rectal temperature (RT), cutaneous temperature (CT) and respiratory rate (RR) during lactation measured in the afternoon (1200 h) and in the morning (0700 h). The production traits were sow's average daily feed intake (ADFI), litter BW gain (LBWg) and sow's proportion of BW change between farrowing and weaning (BWc). Complete data included 931 lactating performance on 329 Large White sows from the INRA experimental unit in Guadeloupe (French West Indies). Random regression models using linear spline functions were used for longitudinal data (RT, CT, RR and daily feed intake). Results showed that when ignoring values at the beginning and the end of lactation, the traits studied can be treated as the same trait throughout days of lactation, with fairly constant heritability and variance. However, largest heritabilities and genetic variances were estimated in mid-lactation. Heritability estimates on average performance during lactation were low to moderate for thermoregulation traits (0.35 ± 0.09 for RT, 0.34 ± 0.12 for CT and 0.39 ± 0.13 for RR). Heritability estimates for production traits were 0.26 ± 0.08 for ADFI, 0.20 ± 0.07 for BWc and 0.31 ± 0.09 for LBWg. Significant genetic correlations between thermoregulation traits and production traits were only obtained for ADFI and RR (0.35 ± 0.12). From this study it can be concluded that thermoregulation traits are heritable, indicating that there are genetic differences in heat stress tolerance in lactating Large White sows.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic parameters for thermoregulation and production traits in lactating sows reared in tropical climate

Gourdine

Mandonnet

Giorgi³

et al. 2017

Animal

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“…The aim is to select animals that achieve a high production level in a wide diversity of environmental conditions, including stressful conditions. These stressors can be disease challenges, extreme temperatures, low-quality feed or challenges due to changes in housing or management (Merks et al 2012). However, robustness has also been discussed in the context of cropping systems exposed to climatic or biotic perturbations.…”

Section: The Concept Of Robustnessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stability, robustness, vulnerability and resilience of agricultural systems. A review

Urruty

Tailliez-Lefebvre²,

Huyghe

2016

Agron. Sustain. Dev.

222

163

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Global warming and price volatility are increasing uncertainty for the future of agriculture. Therefore, agricultural systems must be sustainable not only under average conditions, but also under extreme changes of productivity, economy, environment and social context. Here, we review four concepts: stability, robustness, vulnerability and resilience. Those concepts are commonly used but are sometimes difficult to distinguish due to the lack of clear boundaries. Here, we clarify the role of these concepts in addressing agronomic issues. Our main findings are as follows: (1) agricultural systems face different types of perturbations, from small and usual perturbations to extreme and unpredictable changes; (2) stability, robustness, vulnerability and resilience have been increasingly applied to analyze the agricultural context in order to predict the system response under changing conditions; (3) the four concepts are distinguished by the nature of the system components and by the type of perturbation studied; (4) assessment methods must be tested under contrasted situations; and (5) the major options allowing system adaptation under extreme and unpredictable changes are the increase of diversity and the increase of the adaptive capacity.

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“…The competition for teats leads to increased pre-weaning mortality due to crushing and starvation [1]. Therefore, selection on teat number has begun to ensure that sows can nurture all of their piglets [2]. Number of piglets born in the largest 25% of litters in purebred Danish Large White and Landrace exceeded 18 in sows born in 2009 [3], which indicates that the number of piglets born was larger than the number of teats for a substantial proportion of litters.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic analysis of teat number in pigs reveals some developmental pathways independent of vertebra number and several loci which only affect a specific side

Rohrer

Nonneman

2017

Genet Sel Evol

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BackgroundNumber of functional teats is an important trait in commercial swine production. As litter size increases, the number of teats must also increase to supply nutrition to all piglets. Therefore, a genome-wide association analysis was conducted to identify genomic regions that affect this trait in a commercial swine population. Genotypic data from the Illumina Porcine SNP60v1 BeadChip were available for 2951 animals with total teat number (TTN) records. A subset of these animals (n = 1828) had number of teats on each side recorded. From this information, the following traits were derived: number of teats on the left (LTN) and right side (RTN), maximum number of teats on a side (MAX), difference between LTN and RTN (L − R) and absolute value of L − R (DIF). Bayes C option of GENSEL (version 4.61) and 1-Mb windows were implemented. Identified regions that explained more than 1.5% of the genomic variation were tested in a larger group of animals (n = 5453) to estimate additive genetic effects.ResultsMarker heritabilities were highest for TTN (0.233), intermediate for individual side counts (0.088 to 0.115) and virtually nil for difference traits (0.002 for L − R and 0.006 for DIF). Each copy of the VRTN mutant allele increased teat count by 0.35 (TTN), 0.16 (LTN and RTN) and 0.19 (MAX). 15, 18, 13 and 18 one-Mb windows were detected that explained more than 1.0% of the genomic variation for TTN, LTN, RTN, and MAX, respectively. These regions cumulatively accounted for over 50% of the genomic variation of LTN, RTN and MAX, but only 30% of that of TTN. Sus scrofa chromosome SSC10:52 Mb was associated with all four count traits, while SSC10:60 and SSC14:54 Mb were associated with three count traits. Thirty-three SNPs accounted for nearly 39% of the additive genetic variation in the validation dataset. No effect of piglet sex or percentage of males in litter was detected, but birth weight was positively correlated with TTN.ConclusionsTeat number is a heritable trait and use of genetic markers would expedite selection progress. Exploiting genetic variation associated with teat counts on each side would enhance selection focused on total teat counts. These results confirm QTL on SSC4, seven and ten and identify a novel QTL on SSC14.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12711-016-0282-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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New phenotypes for new breeding goals in pigs

Cited by 83 publications

References 45 publications

Genetic parameters for thermoregulation and production traits in lactating sows reared in tropical climate

Genetic parameters for thermoregulation and production traits in lactating sows reared in tropical climate

Stability, robustness, vulnerability and resilience of agricultural systems. A review

Genetic analysis of teat number in pigs reveals some developmental pathways independent of vertebra number and several loci which only affect a specific side

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