New perspectives on schizophrenia in later life: implications for treatment, policy, and research

Cohen, Carl I.; Meesters, Paul D.; Zhao, Jingna

doi:10.1016/s2215-0366(15)00003-6

Cited by 107 publications

(102 citation statements)

References 104 publications

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“…The treatment of schizophrenia is difficult because of the complex and not fully understood etiology of the disease, although the dopamine, serotonin and glutamate hypotheses are the best known [39, 40]. Another pathophysiological phenomenon associated with schizophrenia is the abnormality in PACAPergic signals, which is present upstream of the regulation of dopaminergic, serotoninergic and glutamergic systems.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuroleptic Drugs and PACAP Differentially Affect the mRNA Expression of Genes Encoding PAC1/VPAC Type Receptors

Jóźwiak-Bębenista

Kowalczyk

2016

Neurochem Res

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Several lines of evidence suggest that pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) is a neuropeptide playing an important role as a neuromodulator. It has been indicated that PACAP is associated with mental diseases, and that regulation of the PACAPergic signals could be a potential target for the treatment of such psychiatric states as schizophrenia. Recent studies have suggested that action of neuroleptic drugs is mediated not only by dopaminergic and serotonergic neurotransmission, but also via neuropeptides which may act both as neurotransmitters and as neuromodulators. The present study examines whether currently-used neuroleptics influence the action of PACAP receptors, whose expression is altered in a schizophrenic patient. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to examine the effects of haloperidol, olanzapine and amisulpride on the expression of genes coding PAC1/VPAC type receptors in the T98G glioblastoma cell line, as an example of an in vitro model of glial cells. PAC1 mRNA expression fell after 24-h incubation with haloperidol or olanzapine; however the effect was not maintained after 72 h, and haloperidol even up-regulated PAC1 mRNA expression in a dose-dependent manner. All the examined drugs decreased VPAC2 mRNA expression, especially after 72-h incubation. Haloperidol (typical neuroleptic) was distinctly more potent than atypical neuroleptic drugs (olanzapine and amisulpride). In addition, PACAP increased PAC1 and VPAC2 mRNA expression. In conclusion, our findings suggest PACAP receptors may be involved in the mechanism of typical and atypical neuroleptic drugs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuroleptic Drugs and PACAP Differentially Affect the mRNA Expression of Genes Encoding PAC1/VPAC Type Receptors

Jóźwiak-Bębenista

Kowalczyk

2016

Neurochem Res

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“…10 Whether the increased mortality in schizophrenia persists into later life is uncertain. The relevance of this issue is becoming more urgent because the numbers of older schizophrenia patients are rapidly increasing, 11 prompting health policy makers to adjust to this development. Older schizophrenia populations consists of two subgroups.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mortality and Its Determinants in Late-Life Schizophrenia: A 5-Year Prospective Study in a Dutch Catchment Area

Meesters

Comijs

Smit

et al. 2016

The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry

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“…For example, in the UK in 1996, only a handful of areas had over 25% of their local population aged 65 and over but by 2036, over half of local authorities are projected to have 25% or more of their local population aged 65 and over (Office for National Statistics, 2017). Consequently the number of those with severe mental illnesses (SMIs) living into later life are also likely to rise (Cohen et al, 2015). SMIs can also interplay with common age-related problems, such as physical disability, cognitive impairment and social isolation (Berry and Barrowclough, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Barriers and facilitators to accessing psychological therapies for severe mental health difficulties in later life

Berry

Sheardown

Pabbineedi

et al. 2019

Behav. Cogn. Psychother.

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Background:The number of people growing older with severe mental illness (SMI) is rising, reflecting societal trends towards an ageing population. Evidence suggests that older people are less likely to seek help, be referred for and receive psychological therapy compared with younger people, but past research has focused on those with mild to moderate mental health needs.Aims:This research aims to identify the specific barriers faced by older people with SMI.Method:We interviewed 53 participants (22 service users with SMI aged over 50 years, 11 carers of people with SMI, and 20 health care professionals) about their views and experiences of accessing therapy for SMI in later life.Results:Thematic analysis revealed five themes: organizational and resource issues; myths about therapy and attitudinal barriers; stigma; encouraging access to therapy; and meeting age-specific needs.Conclusions:Barriers faced by older people with SMI are not only age-related, but also reflect specific issues associated with having a SMI over many years. Improving awareness of the benefits of psychological therapies is important not only for older people with SMI themselves, but also for their carers and staff who work with them.

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New perspectives on schizophrenia in later life: implications for treatment, policy, and research

Cited by 107 publications

References 104 publications

Neuroleptic Drugs and PACAP Differentially Affect the mRNA Expression of Genes Encoding PAC1/VPAC Type Receptors

Neuroleptic Drugs and PACAP Differentially Affect the mRNA Expression of Genes Encoding PAC1/VPAC Type Receptors

Mortality and Its Determinants in Late-Life Schizophrenia: A 5-Year Prospective Study in a Dutch Catchment Area

Barriers and facilitators to accessing psychological therapies for severe mental health difficulties in later life

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