New perspectives on respiratory syncytial virus surveillance at the national level: lessons from the COVID-19 pandemic

Teirlinck, Anne; Johannesen, Caroline Klint; Broberg, Eeva; Penttinen, Pasi; Campbell, Harry; Nair, Harish; Reeves, Rachel M; Bøås, Håkon; Brytting, Mia; Cai, Wei; Carnahan, AnnaSara; Casalegno, Jean-Sébastien; Danis, Kostas; Gascun, Cillian De; Ellis, Joanna; Emborg, Hanne‐Dorthe; Gijón, Manuel; Guiomar, Raquel; Hirve, Siddhivinayak; Jiřincová, Helena; Nohynek, Hanna; Oliva, Josep M.; Osei‐Yeboah, Richard; Paget, John; Pakarna, Gatis; Pebody, Richard; Presser, Lance; Rapp, Marie; Reiche, Janine; Rodrigues, Ana Paula; Seppälä, Elina; Sočan, Maja; Szymański, Karol; Trebbien, Ramona; Večeřová, Jaromíra; Werf, Sylvie van der; Zambon, Maria; Meijer, Adam; Fischer, Thea Kølsen

doi:10.1183/13993003.01569-2022

Cited by 10 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…However, as these measures were relaxed or cancelled, there was a resurgence in respiratory infections, including RSV and other viral infections [ 20 ]. Moreover, the emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic has led to the reconsideration of surveillance strategies for respiratory viruses, indicating the crosstalk of these infectious diseases [ 21 ]. There were some other studies focusing on the effect of PHM on MPI in China during the COVID-19 pandemic; however, the representativeness of these studies was limited by single-site design [ 22–25 ], limited samples [ 26–28 ], or limited period and did not cover the post COVID-19 period.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemic features and megagenomic analysis of childhood Mycoplasma pneumoniae post COVID-19 pandemic: a 6-year study in southern China

Xu,

Yang,

Sun

et al. 2024

Emerging Microbes & Infections

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With the atypical rise of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection (MPI) in 2023, prompt studies are needed to determine the current epidemic features and risk factors with emerging trends of MPI to furnish a framework for subsequent investigations. This multicentre, retrospective study was designed to analyse the epidemic patterns of MPI before and after the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as genotypes and the macrolide-resistance-associated mutations in MP sampled from paediatric patients in Southern China. Clinical data was collected from 1,33,674 patients admitted into investigational hospitals from 1 June 2017 to 30 November 2023. Metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) data were retrieved based on MP sequence positive samples from 299 paediatric patients for macrolide-resistance-associated mutations analysis. Pearson's chi-squared test was used to compare categorical variables between different time frames. The monthly average cases of paediatric common respiratory infection diseases increased without enhanced public health measures after the pandemic, especially for influenza, respiratory syncytial virus infection, and MPI. The contribution of MPI to pneumoniae was similar to that in the outbreak in 2019. Compared to mNGS data between 2019–2022 and 2023, the severity of MP did not grow stronger despite higher rates of macrolide-resistance hypervariable sites, including loci 2063 and 2064, were detected in childhood MP samples of 2023. Our findings indicated that ongoing surveillance is necessary to understand the impact of post pandemic on MP transmission disruption during epidemic season and the severity of clinical outcomes in different scenarios.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemic features and megagenomic analysis of childhood Mycoplasma pneumoniae post COVID-19 pandemic: a 6-year study in southern China

Xu,

Yang,

Sun

et al. 2024

Emerging Microbes & Infections

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…As suggested by the European Respiratory Society (ERS) in 2023, the emergence of SARS-CoV-2 has underscored the importance of respiratory surveillance for respiratory viruses, thereby shedding light on the lessons learned from the COVID-19 pandemic [ 24 ]. Respiratory viruses are a common cause of morbidity in children, alone or in synergy with bacterial pathogens [ 25 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Analysis of Pediatric Hospitalizations during Two Consecutive Influenza and Respiratory Virus Seasons Post-Pandemic

Presti,

Manti,

Gambilonghi

et al. 2023

Viruses

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Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on the epidemiology of respiratory viruses. Non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) led to a dramatic reduction in respiratory infections. However, the long-term effects on respiratory virus epidemiology remain unclear. Materials and Methods: We conducted a comparative study on hospitalized pediatric patients with respiratory illness during two seasons: 1 October 2021 to 15 March 2022 and 1 October 2022 to 15 March 2023. We compared the type of virus, mean duration of hospitalization, and disease severity. Results: In the first season, 47.1% of patients (65/138) tested positive for at least one respiratory virus, with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) being the most frequent (23.2%). In the second season, 82.9% of patients (102/123) tested positive, with RSV and Rhinovirus being the most prevalent (28.38% and 27.03%, respectively). Other viruses, such as Influenza A/B, Metapneumovirus, and Adenovirus, also showed increased prevalence. Disease severity and mean duration of hospitalization were similar between the two seasons. Conclusions: Our study highlights increased prevalence in respiratory viruses, including RSV and Rhinovirus, following the easing of NPIs. The prevalence in respiratory viruses, including RSV and Rhinovirus, increased in the second season compared to the first one. Interestingly, RSV’s peak incidence shifted from February to November. The emergence of rhinovirus as the most prevalent respiratory virus during certain months suggests viral competition and dynamic changes in viral circulation. The overall severity of respiratory infections remained relatively stable between the seasons.

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“… 6 7 8 Therefore, genetic surveillance based on whole-genome sequencing (WGS) has become increasingly important. 9 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genotype Analysis of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Before and After the COVID-19 Pandemic Using Whole-Genome Sequencing: A Prospective, Single-Center Study in Korea From 2019 to 2022

Na,

Park,

Seo

et al. 2024

J Korean Med Sci

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Background Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), a highly transmissible virus, is the leading cause of lower respiratory tract infections. We examined molecular changes in the RSV genome before and after the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in Korea, and investigated whether drug-resistant mutations were present. Methods In this prospective, single-center study, RSV-positive respiratory samples were collected between September 2019 and December 2022. Long-read whole-genome sequencing (WGS) was performed, and the presence of known drug-resistant substitutions for palivizumab, nirsevimab, and suptavumab was investigated. Results Overall, 288 respiratory samples were collected from 276 children. WGS data were available for 133 samples (71 and 62 samples from the pre- and post-pandemic periods, respectively). All RSV-A strains (n = 56) belonged to the GA2.3.5 (ON1) genotype, whereas all RSV-B strains (n = 77) belonged to the GB5.0.5a (BA) genotype. No significant differences in genotypes were observed between the pre- and post-pandemic periods. In addition, no notable mutations related to nirsevimab or palivizumab resistance were detected in the F gene. However, the L172Q and S173L substitutions, which are known to confer resistance to suptavumab, were present in all RSV-B samples. Conclusion Despite the unprecedented interruption of RSV seasonality, there were no significant molecular changes in circulating RSV strains in Korea related to nirsevimab or palivizumab resistance before and after the COVID-19 pandemic. However, RSV-specific drug-resistance substitutions for suptavumab were identified.

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New perspectives on respiratory syncytial virus surveillance at the national level: lessons from the COVID-19 pandemic

Cited by 10 publications

References 26 publications

Epidemic features and megagenomic analysis of childhood Mycoplasma pneumoniae post COVID-19 pandemic: a 6-year study in southern China

Epidemic features and megagenomic analysis of childhood Mycoplasma pneumoniae post COVID-19 pandemic: a 6-year study in southern China

Comparative Analysis of Pediatric Hospitalizations during Two Consecutive Influenza and Respiratory Virus Seasons Post-Pandemic

Genotype Analysis of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Before and After the COVID-19 Pandemic Using Whole-Genome Sequencing: A Prospective, Single-Center Study in Korea From 2019 to 2022

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