New perspectives on natural flavonoids on COVID‐19‐induced lung injuries

Abstract

The SARS‐CoV‐2 virus, responsible for COVID‐19, spread rapidly worldwide and became a pandemic in 2020. In some patients, the virus remains in the respiratory tract, causing pneumonia, respiratory failure, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), and sepsis, leading to death. Natural flavonoids (aglycone and glycosides) possess broad biological activities encompassing antiinflammatory, antiviral, antitumoral, antiallergic, antiplatelet, and antioxidant effects. While many studies have focused on the effects of natural flavonoids in experimental models, reports based on clinical trials are still insufficient. In this review, we highlight the effects of flavonoids in controlling pulmonary diseases, particularly the acute respiratory distress syndrome, a consequence of COVID‐19, and their potential use in coronavirus‐related diseases. Furthermore, we also focus on establishing a relationship between biological potential and chemical aspects of related flavonoids and discuss several possible mechanisms of action, pointing out some possible effects on COVID‐19.

Therapeutic and prophylactic effect of flavonoids in post‐COVID‐19 therapy

“…Because of multisystemic disease COVID‐19, many studies have been published confirming the anti‐SARS‐CoV‐19 effect of flavonoids (Palit, Mukhopadhyay, & Chattopadhyay, 2021 ; Santana et al, 2021 ).…”

Phytocompounds and COVID‐19: Two years of knowledge

“…Emerging data suggest polyphenols as potential immunomodulatory and/or antiviral agents against COVID‐19. The present virtual issue contains review addressing the potential of flavonoids, curcumin, resveratrol and silibinin in attenuating lung injury and cytokine storm associated with the disease (Derosa et al, 2021 ; Di Petrillo, Orrù, Fais, & Fantini, 2021 ; El‐Missiry, Fekri, Kesar, & Othman, 2021 ; Gour, Manhas, Bag, Gorain, & Nandi, 2021 ; Khezri, Saeedi, Mohammadamini, & Zakaryaei, 2021 ; Palit, Mukhopadhyay, & Chattopadhyay, 2021 ; Pawar & Pal, 2020 ; Santana et al, 2021 ). Studies on specific polyphenols showed that (a) kaempferol inhibited the SARS‐CoV‐2 main protease (3CLpro) (Khan et al, 2021 ), (b) oroxylin suppressed the entrance of the SARS‐CoV‐2‐spiked pseudotyped virus into ACE2 cells (Gao et al, 2021 ), (c) resveratrol inhibited the replication of SARS‐CoV‐2 in cultured Vero cells (M. Yang et al, 2021 ) and (d) silibinin interacted with SARS‐CoV‐2 main target proteins (e.g., spike protein RBD and Mpro residues) (Speciale et al, 2021 ).…”

“…Finally, other review articles highlighted traditional herbs or phytochemicals for the management of cardiovascular sign and symptoms(Mohammadi Pour, Farzaei, Soleiman Dehkordi, Bishayee, & Asgary, 2021) or to overcome stress, anxiety and improve mental health associated with COVID-19(Shahrajabian, Sun, Soleymani, & Cheng, 2021).3 | POLYPHENOLSEmerging data suggest polyphenols as potential immunomodulatory and/or antiviral agents against COVID-19. The present virtual issue contains review addressing the potential of flavonoids, curcumin, resveratrol and silibinin in attenuating lung injury and cytokine storm associated with the disease(Derosa et al, 2021;Di Petrillo, Orrù, Fais, & Fantini, 2021;El-Missiry, Fekri, Kesar, & Othman, 2021;Gour, Manhas, Bag, Gorain, & Nandi, 2021;Khezri, Saeedi, Mohammadamini, & Zakaryaei, 2021;Palit, Mukhopadhyay, & Chattopadhyay, 2021;Pawar & Pal, 2020;Santana et al, 2021).…”

Targeted phenolic profile of radler beers by HPLC-ESI-MS/MS: the added value of hesperidin to beer antioxidants

“…is the most widespread Citrus species in the world after orange and mandarin, appreciated by consumers for its flavor and popular as health-promoting fruit (Xi et al 2017 ). Among the bioactive flavonoids of lemon, high interest has been recently addressed to hesperidin, because of its high binding affinity to the cellular receptors of SARS-CoV-2 (Bellavite and Donzelli 2020 ; Santana et al 2021 ).…”