New Paracoccidioides brasiliensis isolate reveals unexpected genomic variability in this human pathogen

Carrero, Lilia Lisbeth; Niño-Vega, Gustavo; Teixeira, Marcus M.; Carvalho, Maria José A.; Soares, C. M. A.; Pereira, Maristela; Jesuino, Rosália Santos Amorim; McEwen, Juan G.; Mendoza, Leonel; Taylor, John W.; Felipe, Maria Sueli Soares; San-Blas, Gioconda

doi:10.1016/j.fgb.2008.02.002

Cited by 105 publications

(91 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Gp43 has been detected at higher levels in PCM patient sera as circulating antigens 22 and in CSF and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid samples from PCM patients 11 . However, recently the existence of a P. brasiliensis isolate presenting differences in this major antigen coding gene gp43 23,24 has been demonstrated and speculation of the possibility of a new species in the genus Paracoccidioides has been noted. Considering genetic differences in gp43 according to P. brasiliensis isolate, it has become important to investigate other P. brasiliensis antigens for diagnosis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High molecular mass fraction in clinical isolates of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis

Fredrich

Nagashima

Pavanelli

et al. 2010

Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop.

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Introduction: Different serum levels of the IgG/IgE for Paracoccidioides brasiliensis high mass molecular (hMM) fraction (~366kDa) in the acute and chronic forms of the disease have been reported. Considering the nonexistence of hMM fraction investigation involving clinical isolates of P. brasiliensis, the present study aimed to investigate the presence of the hMM fraction (~366kDa) in cell free antigens (CFA) from P. brasiliensis clinical isolates. Methods: CFA from 10 clinical isolates and a reference strain (Pb18) were submitted to SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) followed by gel image capturing and densitometer analysis. Additionally, CFA from 20 isolates and Pb18 were analyzed by capture ELISA (cELISA) using polyclonal (polAb) or monoclonal (mAb) antibodies to the hMM fraction. Results: The presence of the hMM component was observed in CFA of all samples analyzed by SDS-PAGE/densitometry and by cELISA. In addition, Pearson's correlation test demonstrated stronger coefficients between hMM fraction levels using pAb and mAb (R = 0.853) in cELISA. Conclusions: The soluble hMM fraction was present in all the P. brasiliensis clinical isolates analyzed and the reference strain Pb18, which could be used as a source of this antigen. The work also introduces for first time, the cELISA method for P. brasiliensis hMM fraction detection. Analysis also suggests that detection is viable using polAb or mAb and this methodology may be useful for future investigation of the soluble hMM fraction (~366kDa) in sera from PCM patients.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High molecular mass fraction in clinical isolates of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis

Fredrich

Nagashima

Pavanelli

et al. 2010

Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop.

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“…Specific genes were identified in the genus Coccidioides that were: related to the spherules; involved in energy metabolism; required for the use of allantoin as a nitrogen source; related to the membrane; and others that may be involved in host-parasite interactions [192,194,195]. Furthermore, it is believed that metalloproteinases such as (Mep1), which are secreted during endosporulation phase, are able to digest the immunodominant cell surface antigen (SOWgp), preventing host recognition of the endospores during the development phase [196]. There is an emerging hypothesis that Coccidioides spp.…”

Section: Coccidioidomycosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Update on Fungal Disease: From Establish Infection to Clinical Manifestation

Melo¹,

Scorzoni²,

Rossi³

et al. 2017

J Biotechnol Biomater

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Fungal diseases have emerged as an important cause of morbidity and mortality, especially among immunocompromised patients. Pathogenic fungi have evolved an array of virulence factors to survive within the host and to outwit immune defenses. Fungi may cause a wide range of diseases in humans that range in extent from superficial to disseminated infections. Generally, the site of infections classifies the type of fungal disease, which can be divided into superficial, cutaneous, subcutaneous and systemic. In addition, the fungal virulence factors determine whether the infection will become established in the host. A primary pathogen may infect an immunologically normal host, whereas, an opportunistic pathogen requires some compromise of the host immune defenses in order for the infection to become established. This article covers the main fungi that are responsible for the increase of the fungal infections.Keywords: Fungal infections; Virulence; Yeast; Opportunistic infections; Endemic mycosis Fungal InfectionsFungal diseases have changed constantly in the last years. The virulence of these microorganisms has been adapted according to the human host, promoting a range of clinical manifestation. Several are the ways by which fungi promote a disease depending on human body part involved by the microorganism and the immunologic system of the host [1].In this review, we discuss the main fungal pathogens responsible for causing several diseases, highlighting on their virulence associate to clinical manifestation and the difficulty to accomplish the treatment. Superficial and cutaneous fungal diseasesSuperficial and cutaneous fungal infections are very common and occur worldwide affecting millions of people, especially immunocompromised patients. The most common types of these infections are dermatophytosis (tinea or ringworm), pityriasis versicolor (formerly tinea versicolor) and candidiasis (moniliasis). These occur by fungal invasion into the skin, keratinized tissues and mucous membranes [2]. Trichosporon and Fusarium species also cause superficial fungal infection, but also may be considered an invasive pathogen that may cause a systemic infection [3,4].Dermatophytosis: Dermatophytes are fungi that invade keratinized structures of humans and animals producing a condition called dermatophytosis or, more commonly, tinea [5,6]. These fungi belong to three main genera Trichophyton, Microsporum and Epidermophyton, of these T. rubrum is the most prevalent species worldwide [7,8]. The mechanisms of pathogenicity of these fungi are not yet well understood. There are several studies focusing on keratinolytic proteases (keratinases) produced by dermatophytes, but it is not known how these fungi regulate the use of these proteases to obtain nutrients from the stratum corneum substrate they invade, and whether there are additional roles of these proteins in adhesion and immunomodulation [9].To establish the infection, the contact of arthroconidia or hyphal fragmens with the host skin is essential. The fungi express spe...

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“…This method also provides information about the reproductive mode of the different divergent species, even without the isolation of sexual structures. Cryptic species have been detected by gene genealogies in important pathogenic fungi, such as C. immitis (separated into 2 species: C. immitis and C. posadasii) (Koufopanou et al 2001), H. capsulatum (separated into at least 7 species) (Kasuga et al 2003) and P. brasiliensis, which is now separated into at least four previously unrecognized species: S1 (species 1 from Brazil, Argentina, Paraguay, Peru and Venezuela), PS2 (phylogenetic species 2 from Brazil and Venezuela), PS3 (phylogenetic species 3 with 21 isolates from Colombia) (Matute et al 2006) and Pb01-like (from the central region of Brazil) (Carrero et al 2008, Teixeira 2008.…”

Section: Species Concept and Use Of Prp8 Intein For Phylogenetic Studmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inteins in pathogenic fungi: a phylogenetic tool and perspectives for therapeutic applications

Theodoro

Bagagli

2009

Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz

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New Paracoccidioides brasiliensis isolate reveals unexpected genomic variability in this human pathogen

Cited by 105 publications

References 23 publications

High molecular mass fraction in clinical isolates of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis

High molecular mass fraction in clinical isolates of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis

Update on Fungal Disease: From Establish Infection to Clinical Manifestation

Inteins in pathogenic fungi: a phylogenetic tool and perspectives for therapeutic applications

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