New paleogeographic and degassing parameters for long-term carbon cycle models

Marcilly, Chloé M.; Torsvik, Trond H.; Domeier, Mathew; Royer, Dana L.

doi:10.1016/j.gr.2021.05.016

Cited by 41 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 108 publications

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“…The competing curves for volcanic fluxes through time (Gaffin, 1987; Marcilly et al, 2021; McKenzie et al, 2016; Royer et al, 2014) all agree that volcanism was exceptionally high in the later Mesozoic when the modern system of abundant nitrogen‐based symbioses was first initiated (Figure 2a). However, these alternatives also agree on Cenozoic declines in volcanism with a Neogene nadir at or near the Phanerozoic minimum—problematic in the current context given that the evolution of nitrogen‐based symbioses has continued apace through the lowest volcanic fluxes of the Cenozoic (Figure 2b).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 71%

Nitrogen‐based symbioses, phosphorus availability, and accounting for a modern world more productive than the Paleozoic

et al. 2022

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Evolution of high-productivity angiosperms has been regarded as a driver of Mesozoic ecosystem restructuring. However, terrestrial productivity is limited by availability of rock-derived nutrients such as phosphorus for which permanent increases in weathering would violate mass balance requirements of the long-term carbon cycle. The potential reality of productivity increases sustained since the Mesozoic is supported here with documentation of a dramatic increase in the evolution of nitrogen-fixing or nitrogen-scavenging symbioses, including more than 100 lineages of ectomycorrhizal and lichen-forming fungi and plants with specialized microbial associations. Given this evidence of broadly increased nitrogen availability, we explore via carbon cycle modeling how enhanced phosphorus availability might be sustained without violating mass balance requirements. Volcanism is the dominant carbon input, dictating peaks in weathering outputs up to twice modern values. However, times of weathering rate suppression may be more important for setting system behavior, and the late Paleozoic was the only extended period over which rates are expected to have remained lower

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 71%

Nitrogen‐based symbioses, phosphorus availability, and accounting for a modern world more productive than the Paleozoic

et al. 2022

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“…S3). A separate model scenario with constant degassing also produced a satisfactory decrease in pCO2 (~50%), but does not agree with subduction zone length-and zircon-based predictions of fluctuations in Ordovician degassing (McKenzie et al, 2016;Marcilly et al, 2021) (Fig. S4).…”

Section: Model Results Silicate Weathering Sensitivity and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Supplemental Material: Nd isotopic evidence for enhanced mafic weathering leading to Ordovician cooling

Conwell¹,

al.²

2022

Preprint

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“…Here we use a coupled paleoclimatic and macroecological model 20,21 to evaluate the individual contributions of extrinsic mechanisms, namely the long-term Ordovician cooling trend 8-10 and paleogeographical evolution 11,22 , to the trajectory of marine biodiversity during the Ordovician (between 490 to 430 Ma). In contrast with previous attempts based on temporal correlations, our approach allows us to quantify processes and establish causal relationships.…”

Section: Main Text [2331 Words]mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In our main experiments, we used the Ordovician continental reconstructions of ref. 22 and a rocky desert vegetation type in every land grid point. Solar luminosity was calculated for each time slice after the stellar physics of ref.…”

Section: Implications For Early Paleozoic Climatementioning

confidence: 99%

Cooling Oceans Did Trigger Ordovician Biodiversification

Ontiveros¹,

Beaugrand²,

Lefèbvre

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Global cooling during the Ordovician (485 Ma to 443 Ma) has long been considered as a possible driver of the Great Ordovician Biodiversification Event (GOBE), the largest radiation of Phanerozoic marine animal Life. Yet, this hypothesis exclusively relies on temporal correlations. Mechanistic understanding of the underlying pathways is lacking and other possible causes are debated. Here we couple an ocean-atmosphere general circulation model with a macroecological model to reconstruct global biodiversity patterns from 490 Ma to 430 Ma. Our results demonstrate that the GOBE permitted the development of a Modern-like Latitudinal Biodiversity Gradient (LBG). Inverted LBGs, with biodiversity increasing from the equator to the poles, characterize the late Cambrian and Early Ordovician when climate was much warmer than today. A Modern LBG develops in the Mid-Late Ordovician in response to the drop in ocean temperatures. Globally, simulated biodiversity increases due to long-term cooling during the Ordovician. This increase is a consequence of the ecophysiological limitations to marine Life and is robust to uncertainties in both proxy-derived temperature reconstructions and organism physiology. First-order model-data agreement suggests that the most conspicuous rise in biodiversity over Earth’s history –GOBE– was primarily driven by global cooling.

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New paleogeographic and degassing parameters for long-term carbon cycle models

Cited by 41 publications

References 108 publications

Nitrogen‐based symbioses, phosphorus availability, and accounting for a modern world more productive than the Paleozoic

Nitrogen‐based symbioses, phosphorus availability, and accounting for a modern world more productive than the Paleozoic

Supplemental Material: Nd isotopic evidence for enhanced mafic weathering leading to Ordovician cooling

Cooling Oceans Did Trigger Ordovician Biodiversification

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