New paediatric contrast test: Hiding Heidi low‐contrast ‘face’ test

Chen, Ai Hong; Mohamed, Diana

doi:10.1046/j.1442-9071.2003.00691.x

Cited by 14 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…34 The DH test is objective and relatively unbiased because the examiner is unaware of DH stimulus location until s/he can judge if the participant detected the stimulus. This is in contrast to Hiding Heidi (HH) 27,28 and Mr. Happy CS test 29 where the examiner may have knowledge of the right or left position of the stimulus during testing.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Intraexaminer reliability would be expected to be better than interexaminer reliability, but the difference appears to be small (see monocular acuity card study by Mayer et al 47 ) There are no age norms for the DH test. Studies of normative CS in young children using pediatric behavioral tests show maximal CS at the upper CS limits of the test by age two to three years (HH, 27,28 Mr. Happy, 29 CCT 30,31 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A New Contrast Sensitivity Test for Pediatric Patients: Feasibility and Inter-Examiner Reliability in Ocular Disorders and Cerebral Visual Impairment

Mayer

Taylor

Kran

2020

Trans. Vis. Sci. Tech.

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Assess feasibility and interexaminer reliability of a new test of contrast sensitivity (CS) for pediatric populations. Methods: The Double Happy (DH) measures CS using a method similar to the Teller Acuity Cards. The schematic DH face is 16 degrees in diameter with features of 0.3 c/d and a channel frequency of 0.8 c/d. DH log 10 CS is in 0.15 log unit steps, 0.05 to 2.1. Participants were 43 unselected patients, ages 2 to 18 years: 23 were diagnosed with ocular disorders only; 20 were diagnosed with cerebral visual impairment (CVI). Two examiners measured DH log 10 CS. Visual acuity (VA) was also measured. Results: All 43 participants were tested for binocular DH log 10 CS. Cohen's kappa values for interexaminer reliability were fair. The between examiner ICC was +0.92 (P < 0.001). The mean difference between examiners was near zero, and the 95% CI was −0.44 to 0.45 log 10 CS. DH log 10 CS was near normal in the ocular disorder group and reduced in the CVI group. VA was reduced in both groups. DH log 10 CS and VA were correlated (r = −0.65). DH log 10 CS was a marginally better predictor of diagnosis than VA. Conclusions: DH log 10 CS test was successful in a diverse pediatric population diagnosed with ocular disorders or CVI. Interexaminer reliability was comparable to that of adults tested previously using the same stimuli and methods. Both CS and VA are reduced in CVI. Translational Relevance: CS and VA both should be tested in pediatric clinical populations, especially in those at risk of CVI. Recent studies report that functional visual abilities and vision-related quality of life (QoL) are reduced in children with congenital ocular disorders. 6,7 An extensive study of diverse pediatric vision disorders found impaired functional vision and eye-related QoL in children with moderate-severe visual impairment defined by their visual acuity deficit. 8 A study of adolescents with low vision tested with the Ohio Contrast Cards (OCC) found that CS correlated with vision-related QoL, whereas visual acuity did not. 9 This study provides some evidence that CS may be more sensitive than VA to aspects of vision-related QoL.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A New Contrast Sensitivity Test for Pediatric Patients: Feasibility and Inter-Examiner Reliability in Ocular Disorders and Cerebral Visual Impairment

Mayer

Taylor

Kran

2020

Trans. Vis. Sci. Tech.

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“…Hence, from our findings we do not recommend Hiding Heidi for detecting CS at least in children with ID if they are to be used for diagnostic purposes. Inability of the Hiding Heidi test to detect subtle CS has been established by few other studies as well 15 16. Even though the face stimulus used in Hiding Heidi attracts the attention of children, the floor effect of this test makes it unsuitable to determine the true threshold for research purposes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Burden of ocular and visual disorders among pupils in special schools in Nepal

et al. 2015

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“…Neurophthalmological examination showed sluggish pupillary reactions, nystagmus, roving eye movements, and a deficit of fixation and pursuit that improved with the addition of sound; fundus oculi examination confirmed the presence of macular atrophy and attenuated retinal vessels; no refractive errors were also reported. Binocular grating acuity (Teller Acuity Cards ( Teller et al, 1986 )) testable only at the distance of 38 cm, was of 0.60 cy/deg, revealing severe perceptual deficit with residual close-up visual acuity; contrast sensitivity, evaluated with Hiding Heidi Low Contrast Face Test ( Chen and Mohamed, 2003 ), was also altered (close-up response only for high contrast stimuli). Oculo-digital signs such as “eye-pressing” were present.…”

Section: Methodological Aspectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Multidimensional, Multisensory and Comprehensive Rehabilitation Intervention to Improve Spatial Functioning in the Visually Impaired Child: A Community Case Study

Morelli¹,

Aprile²,

Cappagli³

et al. 2020

Front. Neurosci.

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Congenital visual impairment may have a negative impact on spatial abilities and result in severe delays in perceptual, social, motor, and cognitive skills across life span. Despite several evidences have highlighted the need for an early introduction of rehabilitation interventions, such interventions are rarely adapted to children's visual capabilities and very few studies have been conducted to assess their long-term efficacy. In this work, we present a case study of a visually impaired child enrolled in a newly developed rehabilitation intervention aimed at improving the overall development through the diversification of rehabilitation activities based on visual potential and developmental profile, with a focus on spatial functioning. We argue that intervention for visually impaired children should be (a) adapted to their visual capabilities, in order to increase rehabilitation outcomes, (b) multi-interdisciplinary and multidimensional, to improve adaptive abilities across development, (c) multisensory, to promote the integration of different perceptual information coming from the environment.

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New paediatric contrast test: Hiding Heidi low‐contrast ‘face’ test

Abstract: The HH had a positive correlation but produced significantly different readings when compared with FACT and PR. The features and role of HH in clinical contrast sensitivity assessment are discussed.

Cited by 14 publications

References 14 publications

A New Contrast Sensitivity Test for Pediatric Patients: Feasibility and Inter-Examiner Reliability in Ocular Disorders and Cerebral Visual Impairment

A New Contrast Sensitivity Test for Pediatric Patients: Feasibility and Inter-Examiner Reliability in Ocular Disorders and Cerebral Visual Impairment

Burden of ocular and visual disorders among pupils in special schools in Nepal

A Multidimensional, Multisensory and Comprehensive Rehabilitation Intervention to Improve Spatial Functioning in the Visually Impaired Child: A Community Case Study

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