New‑onset non‑motor symptoms in patients with Parkinson's disease and post‑COVID‑19 syndrome: A prospective cross‑sectional study

Abstract

the clinical range of post-coronavirus disease 2019 symptoms in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) has not yet been thoroughly characterized, with the exception of a few small case studies. the aim of the present study was to investigate the motor and non-motor progression of patients with PD (PWP) and post-CoVID-19 syndrome (PCS) at baseline and at 6 months after infection with CoVID-19. a cross-sectional prospective study of 38 PWP+/PCS+ and 20 PWP+/PCS-matched for age, sex and disease duration was conducted. all patients were assessed at baseline and at 6 months using a structured clinicodemographic questionnaire, the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale Part III (the UPDrS III), the Montreal Cognitive assessment, the Hoehn and Yahr scale, the Geriatric Depression Scale and the levodopa equivalent daily dose (lEDD). there was a statistically significant difference in the LEDD (P=0.039) and UPDRS III (P=0.001) at baseline and at 6 months after infection with CoVID-19 between the PWP with PCS groups. the most common non-motor PCS symptoms were anosmia/hyposmia, sore throat, dysgeusia and skin rashes. there was no statistically significant difference in demographics or specific scores between the two groups, indicating that no prognostic factor for PCS in PWP could be identified. The novelty of the present study is that it suggests the new onset of non-motor PCS symptoms of PWP with a mild to moderate stage.

Long-term outcomes of patients with Parkinson’s disease 3.5 years post SARS-CoV-2 infection in an inner-city population in the Bronx

“…None thus far have directly compared the long-term outcomes of PD patients, with and without a history of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Bougea et al [42] studied PD patients with COVID-19 at baseline and at six months postinfection using clinicodemographic questionnaire. They found that among those with who reported post-COVID-19 syndrome, levodopa equivalent daily dose and Uni ed Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale Part III increased after infection, indicating possibly elevated disease activity.…”

The parallel lives of pandemics: COVID‑19 and obesity

“…By developing an understanding of these parallels, it may be possible to increase resilience to both pandemics. Strategies for managing post-pandemic health should consider the long-term health consequences of COVID-19 and obesity, since lingering issues and chronic conditions may continue to exist after a pandemic has passed ( 12 , 13 , 25-27 ).…”

A mid‑pandemic night's dream: Melatonin, from harbinger of anti‑inflammation to mitochondrial savior in acute and long COVID‑19 (Review)

“…Hepatic damage, as evidenced by increased levels of circulating liver enzymes, is also prevalent ( 3 ). There are several symptoms that may be associated with peripheral and central nervous system involvement, and these include headaches and dizziness, hyposmia or anosmia (indicative of encephalopathy), neuralgia and Guillain-Barré syndrome ( 115 , 116 ). Hospitalized patients are more likely to experience thromboembolic events, which have been established as an independent risk factor for a poor prognosis, and acute coronary modalities, cardiomyopathies, several types of arrhythmias, pericarditis and various thromboembolic events ( 49 , 117 ).…”