New‐onset and exacerbated skin diseases after <scp>COVID</scp>‐19 infection: A systematic review

Chularojanamontri, Leena; Tuchinda, Papapit; Rujitharanawong, Chuda; Hunnangkul, Saowalak; Pochanapan, Oraya; Panjapakkul, Waratchaya; Kulthanan, Kanokvalai

doi:10.1111/1346-8138.16501

Cited by 6 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Alopecia areata, an organ-specific autoimmune disease that can be exacerbated by oxidative stress 18 is one of the most common (2.2%) new-onset skin diseases during or after COVID-19 infection 19 and has been reported after COVID-19 vaccination. It may be found in localized areas, affect the entire scalp (alopecia totalis) and in some cases, all body hair (alopecia universalis).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cutaneous Adverse Events After COVID-19 Vaccination

Weschawalit,

Pongcharoen,

Suthiwartnarueput

et al. 2023

CCID

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Purpose The morphology and timing of cutaneous reactions after Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) vaccines have been well described; however, data on the rates and risk factors are limited. Therefore, this study aimed to measure the incidence of cutaneous adverse reactions (CARs) after COVID-19 vaccination in Thailand, describe the rash characteristics according to the doses or types of vaccine, and assess the risk factors for developing CARs. Patients and Methods This was a prospective observational study of adults who received COVID-19 vaccination and provided informed consent. Cutaneous diagnoses were made by expert dermatologists with supporting skin biopsies, as needed. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and logistic regression to examine the independent risk of developing a CAR. Results Between July 2021 and January 2022, 7505 participants were vaccinated. Vaccine-related CARs occurred in 92 patients with an overall risk of 1.2%. CARs occurred after the first (n=41), second (n=23), third (n=27), and fourth (n=1) doses. Among the 92, 75 (81%) developed CARs within 7 days and 61 (66%) resolved within 7 days. Urticaria, injection site reaction, and a delayed (≥ 3 days post vaccine) local reaction were the three most common CARs occurring in 59 cases (64%). In total, 51 (55%) patients received only symptomatic and supportive treatment. Underlying urticaria and psoriasis were the independent factors for developing a CAR: adjusted odd rations of 15.63 (6.02–40.57, p < 0.001) and 5.36 (1.57–18.36, p = 0.007), respectively. A total of 6/34 (17%) and 4/31 (12%) patients developed urticarial and psoriasis flare post vaccine. Our study found superficial perivascular and intraepidermal eosinophil infiltration, which may be unusual pathological findings in vaccine-induced pemphigus foliaceous. Conclusion CARs after COVID-19 vaccination had a low incidence and were mostly mild in severity and transient in nature. Underlying urticaria and psoriasis were risk factors for CAR development.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cutaneous Adverse Events After COVID-19 Vaccination

Weschawalit,

Pongcharoen,

Suthiwartnarueput

et al. 2023

CCID

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“…Hair loss has been reported in 22% of hospitalised individuals at follow-up, regardless of acute oxygen requirement ( Huang et al, 2021b ). Telogen effluvium, a diffuse non-scarring hair loss disorder which typically lasts <6 months and is associated with stress, hormonal changes or medications ( Hughes and Saleh, 2022 ) are the most common suspected aetiologies underlying hair loss, but alopecia areata and other forms of alopecia have also been reported ( Chularojanamontri et al, 2022 ).…”

Section: Clinical Spectrum Of Long Covidmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long COVID: Clinical characteristics, proposed pathogenesis and potential therapeutic targets

Kenny

Townsend

Savinelli

et al. 2023

Front. Mol. Biosci.

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The emergence of persistent ill-health in the aftermath of SARS-CoV-2 infection has presented significant challenges to patients, healthcare workers and researchers. Termed long COVID, or post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC), the symptoms of this condition are highly variable and span multiple body systems. The underlying pathophysiology remains poorly understood, with no therapeutic agents proven to be effective. This narrative review describes predominant clinical features and phenotypes of long COVID alongside the data supporting potential pathogenesis of these phenotypes including ongoing immune dysregulation, viral persistence, endotheliopathy, gastrointestinal microbiome disturbance, autoimmunity, and dysautonomia. Finally, we describe current potential therapies under investigation, as well as future potential therapeutic options based on the proposed pathogenesis research.

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“…From a total of 345 cases, new-onset skin diseases were noticed in 325 patients. The most frequent were hair disorders with telogen effluvium (TE), seen in 260 patients, with a female predominance (77.7%) and a mean period for the appearance of symptoms of 57.1 days, although other conditions seem to be propagated by COVID-19 infections, such as alopecia areata [ 100 ] (Figure 12A and 12B ).…”

Section: Cutaneous Long Covidmentioning

confidence: 99%

Defining the short-term and long-term skin manifestations of COVID-19: insights after more than three years of the pandemic

Ică,

Mitroi,

Ianoşi

et al. 2023

Rom J Morphol Embryol

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Aim: This review aimed to assess the impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on skin health to establish a classification of the skin lesions that occur most frequently during the disease and whether a particular category of skin damage is more likely to occur both in the short term and in the long term. Methods: We conducted a literature search of the PubMed database. Ultimately, 109 articles were included in this review. The exact phrases/syntax and connectors used for the database search/query were as follows: “Coronavirus and skin”, “COVID-19 and skin”, “SARS-CoV-2 and skin”, “Coronavirus cutaneous manifestations”, “COVID-19 cutaneous manifestations”, “SARS-CoV-2 cutaneous manifestations”, “Coronavirus dermatology”, “SARS-CoV-2 and dermatology”, “COVID-19 and dermatology”, “COVID-19 and skin eruption”, “Coronavirus and skin rash”, “COVID-19 and hair”, “Coronavirus and hair”, “Coronavirus and nails”, “SARS-CoV-2 and hair”, and “SARS-CoV-2 and nails”. Only articles with abstracts referring strictly to cutaneous manifestations of COVID-19 were chosen. Articles without abstracts were not considered. Results: We established six of the most frequently reported clinical patterns associated with COVID-19 and their probability of occurring during COVID-19 disease evolution based on the current literature reports. We did not identify the particular types of skin lesions that are most prone to long-term persistence; most such cases are rare, and no conclusion can be drawn based on them. Conclusions: Apart from classified COVID-19-related skin disorders, this pandemic has been a challenge for dermatologists and a wide range of cutaneous side effects related to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) treatments have been reported. We are aware of other polymorphic clinical presentations, with novel data being reported periodically, but the pathophysiological mechanisms and evolution are largely unknown.

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New‐onset and exacerbated skin diseases after COVID‐19 infection: A systematic review

Cited by 6 publications

References 6 publications

Cutaneous Adverse Events After COVID-19 Vaccination

Cutaneous Adverse Events After COVID-19 Vaccination

Long COVID: Clinical characteristics, proposed pathogenesis and potential therapeutic targets

Defining the short-term and long-term skin manifestations of COVID-19: insights after more than three years of the pandemic

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