New Observability Criterion in Target Motion Analysis

Target motion analysis with multiple arrays: performance analysis

“…Note that this result has been previously proved by using a slightly different approach [5,6] involving a continuous-time representation of the system. Actually, the main interest of this approach is its versatility.…”

“…This constitutes the basis of the pseudo-linear estimate (PLE) [8]. It also provides a simpler way to investigate the system observability [1,3,6,10]. From (18), it comes directly in the single platform case:…”

“…Consider, for example, the first case (single platform with constant velocity vector) with additional measurements (Doppler shifts). Using the previous formalism, we show that the system becomes observable, that is, the vector X 0 can be uniquely determined from the measurement sequence [5,6].…”

A general approach to TMA observability from angle and frequency measurements

“…Starting from another but equivalent criterion complicated nonlinear differential equations can be avoided. This was done in [3][4][5], yielding necessary and sufficient observability conditions for two-dimensional first-order [3], three-dimensional second-order [4], and general three-dimensional Nth-order [5] dynamics targets, respectively.…”

“…As in the case of angle measurements only, the nonlinear equations can be recast in linear form by a judicious choice of variables. Based on the criterion used in [3][4][5], necessary and sufficient observability conditions have been established for two-dimensional first-order dynamics targets and stationary observers.…”