New nonlinear structures in a degenerate one-dimensional electron gas

Abstract

The collective dynamics of nonlinear electron waves in an one-dimensional degenerate electron gas is treated using the Lagrangian fluid approach. A new class of solutions with a nontrivial space and time dependence is derived. Both analytical and numerical results demonstrate the formation of stable, breather-like modes, provided certain conditions are meet. For large amplitude of the initial density perturbation, a catastrophic collapse of the plasma density is predicted, even in the presence of the quantum statistical pressure and quantum diffraction dispersive effects. The results are useful for the understanding of the properties of general nonlinear structures in dense plasmas.

Relativistic theory for localized electrostatic excitations in degenerate electron-ion plasmas

“…Our findings are of relevance in physical settings where ultradense material configurations occur [2][3][4][5][6][7][8].…”

“…For instance, 1D dense plasmas are of relevance to the target normal sheath acceleration mechanism [2] produced during the irradiation of solid targets with a high-intensity laser available with coherent brilliant x-ray radiation sources [3]. Furthermore, the nonlinear dynamics of 1D degenerate plasmas shows a rich variety of behavior; applications include the dense quantum diode [4], the electron-hole plasma injected into quantum wires [5], the 1D fermionic Luttinger liquid [6], breather-mode oscillations in 1D semiconductor quantum wells [7], Lagrangian structures in dense 1D plasmas [8], and 1D nonlinear envelope modes in dense electron-positronion plasmas [9], among others. Sagdeev's pseudopotential method was used to study the propagation of wave structures of arbitrary amplitude in a relativistically degenerate electron-positron-ion plasmas in Ref.…”

New insight into the dispersion characteristics of electrostatic waves in ultradense plasmas: electron degeneracy and relativistic effects

“…We have derived three versions of the low-frequency (ion-acoustic) mode, namely: (i) the lower root ω − of the exact relation (8), deriving from the two-fluid model, (ii) the approximate form ω −,approx given by (19), and (iii) ω IA , given by (24), which was derived from the ionfluid model (neglecting electronic inertia). These three curves are shown in Fig.…”

“…Applications range from dense quantum diodes [4] and electron-holes injected into quantum wires [5] to 1D fermionic Luttinger liquids [6]. Earlier studies have also focused on breather-modes in 1D semiconductor quantum wells [7] and Lagrangian structures in dense 1D plasmas [8].…”

Large amplitude oscillations in a trapped dissipative electron gas

“…Lagrangian variables are recognized as an effective method in fluid problems and have been recently applied e.g. for the derivation of nonlinear waves in one-dimensional degenerate electron gases [8]. In the hydrodynamic model, the repulsive collective field due to the electron gas and the pressure term tend to produce expansion, while an external harmonic trap provides confinement.…”