New Neanderthal remains from Mani peninsula, Southern Greece: The Kalamakia Middle Paleolithic cave site

Harvati, Katerina; Darlas, Andréas; Bailey, Shara E.; Rein, Theo; Zaatari, Sireen El; Fiorenza, Luca; Kullmer, Ottmar; Psathi, Eleni

doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2013.02.002

Cited by 81 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…In overall size and proportions, the Moula‐Guercy naviculars are slightly large for Neanderthals (Table ), but within the published range of variation and closest to La Ferrassie 1. Wedging indices of 40.6 and 36.8 clearly align the Moula‐Guercy specimens with Neanderthals to the exclusion of modern humans (Table ; Harvati et al, ). M‐G2‐464 and M‐S‐18 are similar in overall size, indicating they may be from the same individual.…”

Section: Descriptionsmentioning

confidence: 82%

Neanderthal hand and foot remains from Moula‐Guercy, Ardèche, France

Mersey

Jabbour

Brudvik

et al. 2013

American J Phys Anthropol

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The hand and foot remains from Moula-Guercy cave (Ardèche, France) comprise 24 specimens of Eemian age (ca. 120 ka). The specimens include primarily complete elements, which are rare among the Moula-Guercy postcrania. The hand remains have several characteristic Neanderthal traits including a laterally facing (parasagittally oriented) second metacarpal-capitate articulation, a short styloid process, a wide proximal articular surface on the third metacarpal, and absolutely expanded apical tuberosities on the distal hand phalanges relative to modern humans. The foot remains include several incomplete elements along with an antimeric pair of naviculars, a medial cuneiform and cuboid, and a single complete element from each of the distal segments (one each: metatarsal, proximal foot phalanx, intermediate foot phalanx, distal foot phalanx). Consistent among the specimens are relatively wide diaphyses for length in the metatarsals and phalanges and large and prominent muscle attachments, both consistent with previously published Neanderthal morphology. The hand and foot collection from Moula-Guercy is an important dataset for future studies of Neanderthal functional morphology, dexterity, and behavior as it represents a previously undersampled time period for European Neanderthals.

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Section: Descriptionsmentioning

confidence: 82%

Neanderthal hand and foot remains from Moula‐Guercy, Ardèche, France

Mersey

Jabbour

Brudvik

et al. 2013

American J Phys Anthropol

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“…A recent influx of publications has focused on the pattern of Neanderthal growth and development and its differences and similarities with modern humans (Macchiarelli et al, ; Bastir et al, ; Ramírez Rozzi and Sardi, ; Smith et al, ; Balzeau and Radovčić, ; Guatelli‐Steinberg and Reid, ; Ponce de León et al, ; Smith, ; Guatelli‐Steinberg, ; Bayle et al, ; Martín‐González et al, ). Combined with the continuous discovery and publication of new immature Neanderthal remains (Maureille, ; Arsuaga et al, ; Cowgill et al, ; Trinkaus et al, ; Walker et al, ; Crevecoeur et al, ; Walker et al, ; Harvati et al, ), the study of Neanderthal ontogeny is now among the more active in paleoanthropology. The Neanderthal remains recovered from Moula‐Guercy cave are a new potential dataset for this research.…”

Section: Axial and Appendicular Specimens From Moula‐guercymentioning

confidence: 99%

Neanderthal axial and appendicular remains from Moula‐Guercy, Ardèche, France

Mersey

Brudvik

Black

et al. 2013

American J Phys Anthropol

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Excavations carried out during the 1990s at Moula-Guercy cave Ardèche, France, yielded 108 hominid specimens dating to 100-120 Ka. In this paper, we describe and compare the 39 axial and appendicular specimens not including hand and foot bones. Among these remains are a large adult femur, several clavicles, a likely antimeric pair of radial heads, and a nearly complete superior pubic ramus. Analyses of this material indicate a clear affinity with Neanderthals by the presence of large and robust muscle attachments, thick long bone cortices, a long pubic ramus, and a superoinferiorly flattened clavicle shaft. The recovered remains reveal the presence of a mature male, a smaller mature individual, possibly a reproductive age female, an immature individual of age 10-12, and a second immature individual of age 4. Future analyses on the Moula-Guercy remains will illuminate ties to other known Neanderthal populations and contribute to the ongoing debate over the relative rate of Neanderthal metric growth.

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“…Every facet is matched by a corresponding facet on a tooth in the opposing arch, and when dentin is exposed, it remains flat with no “scooping” (Kaidonis, ). The OFA method is based on quantitative analyses that measure different wear facet variables and links them with dental function, masticatory movements, culture, and diets (Fiorenza, ; Fiorenza et al, ; Fiorenza, Benazzi, Tausch, et al, ; Fiorenza, Benazzi, Tausch, Kullmer, & Schrenk, ; Fiorenza, Benazzi, Viola, et al, ; Fiorenza & Kullmer, , , ; Harvati et al, ; Kullmer et al, ; Oxilia et al, ; Ulhaas, Kullmer, & Schrenk, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional relationship between dental macrowear and diet in Late Pleistocene and recent modern human populations

Fiorenza

Benazzi

Oxilia

et al. 2018

Intl J of Osteoarchaeology

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Many aspects of diet and behaviour can be gleaned from dental wear, including environmental conditions, food‐fracture properties, food processing techniques, and cultural habits. Specifically, the angulation (flat vs. steep) of molar wear has been used as an indicator of food toughness and has also been implicated in the use of grinding stones and pottery in food processing. In this work, we focus on the sequential phases of the power stroke of mastication in a functional way, measuring the inclination of molar wear facets through the occlusal fingerprint analysis method. Specifically, we have calculated the angulation of wear facets in upper and lower molars of Palaeolithic humans, extant hunter‐gatherers, and proto‐farmers to discern differences between groups with different diets. Contrary to previous analyses, our study shows that the molars of Late Pleistocene specimens are characterized by significantly steeper angles than those of modern hunter‐gatherers. The flat molar wear found in the latter group could be related to the excessive mixture of exogenous materials accidentally introduced into their foods, as indicated by ethnographic evidence. On the contrary, the steep wear angles characterizing the Palaeolithic group are probably associated with the consumption of a less abrasive diet, which could be ultimately due to food preparation techniques that incorporated less dust and grit into their diets.

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New Neanderthal remains from Mani peninsula, Southern Greece: The Kalamakia Middle Paleolithic cave site

Cited by 81 publications

References 46 publications

Neanderthal hand and foot remains from Moula‐Guercy, Ardèche, France

Neanderthal hand and foot remains from Moula‐Guercy, Ardèche, France

Neanderthal axial and appendicular remains from Moula‐Guercy, Ardèche, France

Functional relationship between dental macrowear and diet in Late Pleistocene and recent modern human populations

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