New multibeam mapping and geochemistry of the 30°–35° S sector, and overview, of southern Kermadec arc volcanism

Wright, I. C.; Worthington, T.J.; Gamble, J. A.

doi:10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2005.03.021

Cited by 126 publications

(221 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…Caldera walls are well-defined and steep, suggesting well-defined ring faults. Caldera diameters range from 1.6 to 6 km, within the somewhat larger range of caldera diameters recorded in the Tonga-Kermadec (Wright et al, 2006;Massoth et al, 2007;I.J. Graham et al, 2008) and Izu-Bonin (Yuasa et al, 1991;Fiske et al, 2001;Tani et al, 2008) intraoceanic arcs.…”

Section: Caldera Collapsesupporting

confidence: 51%

“…It is therefore possible that there is a general association between silicic products and caldera collapse in the South Sandwich arc as well documented in the Tonga-Kermadec (Worthington et al, 1999;Smith et al, 2003;Wright et al, 2006; I.J. Barker et al, 2012), Izu-Bonin (Fiske et al, 2001;Tani et al, 2008) and Vanuatu (Robin et al, 1993;Monzier et al, 1994) intra-oceanic arcs.…”

Section: Caldera Collapsementioning

confidence: 95%

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Volcanic evolution of the South Sandwich volcanic arc, South Atlantic, from multibeam bathymetry

Leat

Day

Tate

et al. 2013

Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research

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New multibeam bathymetry data are presented for the South Sandwich intra-oceanic arc which occupies the small Sandwich plate in the South Atlantic, and is widely considered to be a simple end-member in the range of intra-oceanic arc types. The images show for the first time the distribution of submarine volcanic, tectonic and erosional-depositional features along the whole length of the 540 km long volcanic arc, allowing systematic investigation of along-arc variations. The data confirm that the volcanic arc has a simple structure composed of large volcanoes which form a well-defined volcanic front, but with three parallel crosscutting seamount chains extending 38-60 km from near the volcanic front into the rear-arc. There is no evidence for intra-arc rifting or extinct volcanic lines. Topographic evidence for faulting is generally absent, except near the northern and southern plate boundaries. Most of the volcanic arc appears to be built on ocean crust formed at the associated back-arc spreading centre, as previously proposed from magnetic data, but the southern part of the arc appears to be underlain by older arc or continental crust whose west-facing rifted margin facing the back-arc basin is defined by the new bathymetry. The new survey shows nine main volcanic edifices along the volcanic front and ca. 20 main seamounts. The main volcanoes form largely glaciated islands with summits 3.0-3.5 km above base levels which are 2500-3000 m deep in the north and shallower at 2000-2500 m deep in the south. Some of the component seamounts are interpreted to have been active since the last glacial maximum, and so are approximately contemporaneous with the volcanic front volcanism. Seven calderas, all either submarine or ice-filled, have been identified: Adventure volcano, a newly discovered submarine volcanic front caldera volcano is described for the first time. All but one of the calderas are situated on summits of large volcanoes in the southern part of the arc, and most are associated with current or historic volcanic or hydrothermal activity. Shallow shelves around the islands are generally 1-10 km wide. Submerged banks up to 1100 m deep are interpreted as subsided erosional surfaces. Seamounts and emergent volcanoes experienced a range of mass wasting processes including by landsliding and smaller mass flows. KeywordsVolcanic arc, subduction zone, caldera, seamount, submarine volcanism The importance of the South Sandwich volcanic arcThe South Sandwich volcanic arc, situated in the South Atlantic ( Fig. 1), is a tectonically simple, active, intra-oceanic arc, and is ideally suited to studies of volcanic arc crustal structure, geochemical investigation of mantle processes above a subduction zone, and sedimentation in an early stage of arc evolution. The active arc is built largely on oceanic crust of the small Sandwich plate which formed about 10 Ma at the back-arc East Scotia ridge spreading centre . The arc is forming in response to steeply inclined subduction of the South American plate beneath the Sand...

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Section: Caldera Collapsesupporting

confidence: 51%

Section: Caldera Collapsementioning

confidence: 95%

Volcanic evolution of the South Sandwich volcanic arc, South Atlantic, from multibeam bathymetry

Leat

Day

Tate

et al. 2013

Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research

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“…South of B35°S, subduction of the Cretaceous Hikurangi Plateau beneath the southern Kermadec arc is accompanied by an average shoaling of B500 m of the Kermadec forearc, arc front and Havre Trough backarc 15,28,29 . The plateau hosts r2,900 m Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Subduction of the oceanic Hikurangi Plateau and its impact on the Kermadec arc

et al. 2014

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Large igneous province subduction is a rare process on Earth. A modern example is the subduction of the oceanic Hikurangi Plateau beneath the southern Kermadec arc, offshore New Zealand. This segment of the arc has the largest total lava volume erupted and the highest volcano density of the entire Kermadec arc. Here we show that Kermadec arc lavas south of B32°S have elevated Pb and Sr and low Nd isotope ratios, which argues, together with increasing seafloor depth, forearc retreat and crustal thinning, for initial Hikurangi Plateau-Kermadec arc collision B250 km north of its present position. The combined data set indicates that a much larger portion of the Hikurangi Plateau (the missing Ontong Java Nui piece) than previously believed has already been subducted. Oblique plate convergence caused southward migration of the thickened and buoyant oceanic plateau crust, creating a buoyant 'Hikurangi' mélange beneath the Moho that interacts with ascending arc melts.

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“…Sidescan sonar imagery and dredge sampling shows the volcanic complex is mantled with pumice deposits over an area of >50 km² (Wright and Gamble, 1999;Wright, 2001;Wright et al, 2003). Wright et al (2003Wright et al ( , 2006 suggested that a large recent eruption, to which they attributed 10-15 km 3 of pyroclastic material, caused the caldera…”

Section: Healy Volcanomentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, not until detailed bathymetric mapping and submarine sampling was undertaken was it recognized that submarine caldera-related, silicic explosive volcanism is widespread (e.g., Wright and Gamble, 1999;Haase et al, 2002;Wright et al, 2002Graham et al, 2008. The Kermadec arc volcanoes offer the opportunity to compare and contrast eruptions in the subaerial and deep submarine environments as they have explosively erupted silicic magmas within the last 10 kyr (Lloyd and Nathan, 1981;Lloyd et al, 1996;Worthington et al, 1999;Wright, 2001;Smith et al, 2003aSmith et al, , 2003bSmith et al, , 2006Wright et al, 2003Wright et al, , 2006Barker et al, 2012Barker et al, , 2013Rotella et al, 2014;Carey et al, 2014). Samples for this study were …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamics of deep submarine silicic explosive eruptions in the Kermadec arc, as reflected in pumice vesicularity textures

Rotella

Wilson

Barker

et al. 2015

Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research

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Despite increasing recognition of silicic pumice-bearing deposits in the deep marine environment, the processes involved in explosive silicic submarine eruptions remain in question. Here we present data on bubble sizes and number densities (number of bubbles per unit of melt matrix) for deep submarine-erupted pumices from three volcanoes (Healy, Raoul SW and Havre) along the Kermadec arc (SW Pacific) to investigate the effects of a significant (>~1 km) overlying water column and the associated increased hydrostatic pressure on magma vesiculation and fragmentation.We compare these textural data with those from chemically similar, subaerially-

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New multibeam mapping and geochemistry of the 30°–35° S sector, and overview, of southern Kermadec arc volcanism

Cited by 126 publications

References 54 publications

Volcanic evolution of the South Sandwich volcanic arc, South Atlantic, from multibeam bathymetry

Volcanic evolution of the South Sandwich volcanic arc, South Atlantic, from multibeam bathymetry

Subduction of the oceanic Hikurangi Plateau and its impact on the Kermadec arc

Dynamics of deep submarine silicic explosive eruptions in the Kermadec arc, as reflected in pumice vesicularity textures

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