New molecular virus detection methods and their clinical value in lower respiratory tract infections in children

Jartti, Tuomas; Söderlund‐Venermo, Maria; Hedman, Klaus; Ruuskanen, Olli; Mäkelä, Mika J.

doi:10.1016/j.prrv.2012.04.002

Cited by 91 publications

(92 citation statements)

References 97 publications

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“…7 Sensitive methods, such as quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) analyses on nasopharyngeal samples, for a number of viruses have been introduced in the clinic as a sensitive diagnostic tool among children with respiratory tract infection. 8 However, whereas detection of some viruses, such as influenza virus and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), clearly is predictive for respiratory disease, 9-11 the clinical significance upon detection of several other viruses needs further investigation. The interpretation of a viral detection is complicated by the fact that infections with multiple viruses are common in children with ARI and that many viruses have lately been reported to be found also in asymptomatic children.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…11,17 These viruses all seem to be rapidly cleared from the respiratory tract after an infection, making qPCR a suitable diagnostic method. 8 Interestingly, hMPV was associated with severe disease presentations such as fever, decreased O 2 saturation, increased respiratory rate, and tachycardia. Recent reports support that hMPV is a significant respiratory pathogen capable of causing severe disease in children, 29 yet the clinical pattern of disease is not fully understood.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…25 We used the term coinfection to represent detection of at least 2 viruses in the same individual (although detection by using qPCR does not necessarily equal ongoing infection, as emphasized). 8 …”

Section: Sampling and Microbiologic Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Clinical Utility of PCR for Common Viruses in Acute Respiratory Illness

et al. 2014

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WHAT'S KNOWN ON THIS SUBJECT: Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction allows sensitive detection of respiratory viruses. The clinical significance of detection of specific viruses is not fully understood, however, and several viruses have been detected in the respiratory tract of asymptomatic children. WHAT THIS STUDY ADDS:Our results indicate that quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction is limited at distinguishing acute infection from detection in asymptomatic children for rhinovirus, bocavirus, adenovirus, enterovirus, and coronavirus. abstract BACKGROUND: Acute respiratory illness (ARI) accounts for a large proportion of all visits to pediatric health facilities. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) analyses allow sensitive detection of viral nucleic acids, but it is not clear to what extent specific viruses contribute to disease because many viruses have been detected in asymptomatic children. Better understanding of how to interpret viral findings is important to reduce unnecessary use of antibiotics. OBJECTIVE:To compare viral qPCR findings from children with ARI versus asymptomatic control subjects.METHODS: Nasopharyngeal aspirates were collected from children aged #5 years with ARI and from individually matched, asymptomatic, population-based control subjects during a noninfluenza season. Samples were analyzed by using qPCR for 16 viruses. RESULTS:Respiratory viruses were detected in 72.3% of the case patients (n 5 151) and 35.4% of the control subjects (n 5 74) (P 5 .001). Rhinovirus was the most common finding in both case patients and control subjects (47.9% and 21.5%, respectively), with a population-attributable proportion of 0.39 (95% confidence interval: 0.01 to 0.62). Metapneumovirus, parainfluenza viruses, and respiratory syncytial virus were highly overrepresented in case patients. Bocavirus was associated with ARI even after adjustment for coinfections with other viruses and was associated with severe disease. Enterovirus and coronavirus were equally common in case patients and control subjects.CONCLUSIONS: qPCR detection of respiratory syncytial virus, metapneumovirus, or parainfluenza viruses in children with ARI is likely to be causative of disease; detection of several other respiratory viruses must be interpreted with caution due to high detection rates in asymptomatic children. Although acute respiratory illness (ARI) in childrenaccountsfora large part ofall visits to pediatric health facilities and is a great economic burden on society, 1,2 our tools to diagnose the etiologic agents have until recently been limited. 3 Treatment with antibiotics induces development of antibiotic resistance in bacteria 4 and has a negligible effect on most ARIs, which generally are of viral origin. 5,6 Nevertheless, antibiotics are frequently prescribed due to lack of clinically valid diagnostic tests verifying a viral etiology. 7 Sensitive methods, such as quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) analyses on nasopharyngeal samples, for a number of viru...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Clinical Utility of PCR for Common Viruses in Acute Respiratory Illness

et al. 2014

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“…48 In each PCR run, water and plasmids containing the respective viral genomes served as negative and positive controls, respectively. For all PCRs 5 mL of the sample DNA extract was applied per 20-mL reaction.…”

Section: Pcr Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human parvoviruses B19, PARV4 and bocavirus in pediatric patients with allogeneic hematopoietic SCT

Rahiala

Koskenvuo

Norja

et al. 2013

Bone Marrow Transplant

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Among the immunocompetent, infections with parvovirus B19 (B19V) and human bocavirus (HBoV) 1 range clinically from asymptomatic to severe, while following allogeneic hematopoietic SCT (HSCT) B19V can cause a persistent severe illness. The epidemiology and clinical impact of HBoV1 and the other emerging parvovirus 4 (PARV4) among immunocompromised patients have not been established. To determine the occurrence and clinical spectrum of B19V, PARV4 and HBoV1 infections, we performed a longitudinal molecular surveillance among 53 allogeneic HSCT recipients for pre-and post-HSCT DNAemias of these parvoviruses. Quantitative real-time PCR showed B19V DNA in sera of 16 (30%) patients, at mean levels of 4.6 Â 10 3 , 9.9 Â 10 7 , 1.1 Â 10 10 and 1.6 Â 10 2 B19V DNA copies/mL pre-HSCT (9/53), and at 1 (6/53), 2 (4/53) and 3 months (1/25) post HSCT, respectively. However, no clinical manifestation correlated with the presence of B19V viremia. All B19V sequences were of genotype 1. None of the sera investigated contained PARV4 or HBoV1 DNAs. Our data demonstrate B19V viremia to be frequent among pediatric allogeneic HSCT recipients, yet without apparent clinical correlates. PARV4 or HBoV1 viremias were not seen in these immunocompromised patients.

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“…www.mdpi.com/journal/chemosensors enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and polymerized chain reaction (PCR) amplification are highly sensitive and selective protocols for virus recognition [6,7]. Disposable kits having immobilized enzymes or DNA offer simple and rapid results in minimal cost [8,9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gravimetric Viral Diagnostics: QCM Based Biosensors for Early Detection of Viruses

et al. 2017

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Viruses are pathogenic microorganisms that can inhabit and replicate in human bodies causing a number of widespread infectious diseases such as influenza, gastroenteritis, hepatitis, meningitis, pneumonia, acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) etc. A majority of these viral diseases are contagious and can spread from infected to healthy human beings. The most important step in the treatment of these contagious diseases and to prevent their unwanted spread is to timely detect the disease-causing viruses. Gravimetric viral diagnostics based on quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) transducers and natural or synthetic receptors are miniaturized sensing platforms that can selectively recognize and quantify harmful virus species. Herein, a review of the label-free QCM virus sensors for clinical diagnostics and point of care (POC) applications is presented with major emphasis on the nature and performance of different receptors ranging from the natural or synthetic antibodies to selective macromolecular materials such as DNA and aptamers. A performance comparison of different receptors is provided and their limitations are discussed.

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New molecular virus detection methods and their clinical value in lower respiratory tract infections in children

Cited by 91 publications

References 97 publications

Clinical Utility of PCR for Common Viruses in Acute Respiratory Illness

Clinical Utility of PCR for Common Viruses in Acute Respiratory Illness

Human parvoviruses B19, PARV4 and bocavirus in pediatric patients with allogeneic hematopoietic SCT

Gravimetric Viral Diagnostics: QCM Based Biosensors for Early Detection of Viruses

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