New models for the In vitro assessment of neurotoxicity in the nervous system and the preliminary validation stages of a ‘tiered-test’ model

Atterwill, C.K.; Davenport-Jones, J.; Goonetilleke, S.; Johnston, H.B.; Purcell, Wendy M.; Thomas, S.M.; West, Mike; Williams, Sara

doi:10.1016/0887-2333(93)90090-r

Cited by 25 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Abdulla and Campbell, 1997;Atterwill et al, 1993Atterwill et al, , 1994Goldberg and Frazier, 1989). Proposed culture models are essentially obtained from conventional species of experimental animals, usually rat and mouse.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of Human Central Nervous System Cell Cultures in Neurotoxicity Testing

Sanfeliu¹,

Cristòfol²,

Torán³

et al. 1999

Toxicology in Vitro

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of Human Central Nervous System Cell Cultures in Neurotoxicity Testing

Sanfeliu¹,

Cristòfol²,

Torán³

et al. 1999

Toxicology in Vitro

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“…Several in vitro systems can be considered as alternative testing systems for Environmental Health Perspectives * Vol 106, Supplement 2 * April 1998 neurotoxicity (19)(20)(21)(22). In decreasing order of complexity these models include organotypic explants, brain slices, reaggregate cultures, primary cell preparations, and established cell lines.…”

Section: Current Methods For Organotypic Culturesmentioning

confidence: 99%

13th Meeting of the Scientific Group on Methodologies for the Safety Evaluation of Chemicals (SGOMSEC): alternative testing methodologies for organ toxicity.

Spielmann

Bochkov

Costa

et al. 1998

Environ Health Perspect

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In the past decade in vitro tests have been developed that represent a range of anatomic structure from perfused whole organs to subcellular fractions. To assess the use of in vitro tests for toxicity testing, we describe and evaluate the current status of organotypic cultures for the major target organs of toxic agents. This includes liver, kidney, neural tissue, the hematopoietic system, the immune system, reproductive organs, and the endocrine system. The second part of this report reviews the application of in vitro culture systems to organ specific toxicity and evaluates the application of these systems both in industry for safety assessment and in government for regulatory purposes. Members of the working group (VWG) felt that access to high-quality human material is essential for better use of in vitro organ and tissue cultures in the risk assessment process. Therefore, research should focus on improving culture techniques that will allow better preservation of human material. The WG felt that it is also important to develop and make available relevant reference compounds for toxicity assessment in each organ system, to organize and make available via the Internet complete in vivo toxicity data, including human data, containing dose, end points, and toxicokinetics. The WG also recommended that research should be supported to identify and to validate biological end points for target organ toxicity to be used in alternative toxicity testing strategies.

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“…In the past several years, a number of publications have addressed issues related to the use of in vitro systems for neurotoxicity testing; they are reviewed here only briefly (11,(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18).…”

Section: In Vitro Neurotoxicity Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Because any cell culture system poorly mimics the intact nervous system, it is important to utilize a variety of in vitro models and a multiplicity of end points to parallel, at least in part, neurotoxicity in the whole animal (11). Although the use of a test battery is always advocated and recommended, the choice of the systems to be used has not yet been defined, as various investigators have proposed different though similar approaches (14,18). A basic initial test battery should include a neuronal and a glial cell line, possibly of human origin, one nonneuronal cell line, and a slightly more complex system such as the rat primary micromass (21) (22,23).…”

Section: In Vitro Systems Formentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurotoxicity testing: a discussion of in vitro alternatives.

Costa

1998

Environ Health Perspect

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A large number of chemicals may exert adverse effects on the central and/or peripheral nervous system. A commonly recommended strategy for neurotoxicity testing is that of a tiered approach aimed at identifying and characterizing the neurotoxicity of a compound. Guidelines exist in the United States and other countries that define the tests to be utilized in tier 1 testing. To address problems related to the increasing cost and time required for toxicity testing, the increasing number of chemicals being developed, and the concern of animal welfare activists, attention is currently being devoted to in vitro alternatives. This paper addresses the use of in vitro systems in neurotoxicology, and their potential role in a general strategy for neurotoxicity testing. The advantages and disadvantages of in vitro approaches for mechanistic studies and for screening of neurotoxicants are discussed. Suggestions for further validation studies are proposed. Environ Hecalth Perspect 106(Suppi 2):505-510 (1998). 505-51Ocosta/abstract.html

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New models for the In vitro assessment of neurotoxicity in the nervous system and the preliminary validation stages of a ‘tiered-test’ model

Cited by 25 publications

References 33 publications

Use of Human Central Nervous System Cell Cultures in Neurotoxicity Testing

Use of Human Central Nervous System Cell Cultures in Neurotoxicity Testing

13th Meeting of the Scientific Group on Methodologies for the Safety Evaluation of Chemicals (SGOMSEC): alternative testing methodologies for organ toxicity.

Neurotoxicity testing: a discussion of in vitro alternatives.

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