NEW MODE OF GENETIC TRANSFER IN
            <i>STREPTOCCUS FAECALIS</i>
            VAR.
            <i>LIQUEFACIENS</i>

Raycroft, Ruth E.; Zimmerman, Leonard N.

doi:10.1128/jb.87.4.799-801.1964

Cited by 22 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Reports of antibiotic resistance transfer between strains of enterococci go back as early as 1964 for chloramphenicol resistance (248). Conjugal plasmid transfer of multiple antibiotic resistance determinants has been documented in enterococci since the 1970s (213,249).…”

Section: Insertion Sequence Elements and Tn3-like Transposonsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Enterococcus: a Model of Adaptability to Its Environment

2019

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SUMMARYThe genusEnterococcuscomprises a ubiquitous group of Gram-positive bacteria that are of great relevance to human health for their role as major causative agents of health care-associated infections. The enterococci are resilient and versatile species able to survive under harsh conditions, making them well adapted to the health care environment. Two species cause the majority of enterococcal infections:Enterococcus faecalisandEnterococcus faecium. Both species demonstrate intrinsic resistance to common antibiotics, such as virtually all cephalosporins, aminoglycosides, clindamycin, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. Additionally, a remarkably plastic genome allows these two species to readily acquire resistance to further antibiotics, such as high-level aminoglycoside resistance, high-level ampicillin resistance, and vancomycin resistance, either through mutation or by horizontal transfer of genetic elements conferring resistance determinants.

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Section: Insertion Sequence Elements and Tn3-like Transposonsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Enterococcus: a Model of Adaptability to Its Environment

2019

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“…Conjugal transfer of either chloramphenicol resistance (isolated by selection on chloramphenicol containing agar) or bacteriophage resistance from a strain of S. faecalis var. liquefaciens has been reported previously (27). Recently, plasmids bearing a single antibiotic resistance have been isolated from an S. faecalis strain, but it is not known whether these plasmids are transferable (8).…”

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confidence: 97%

Conjugal Transfer of Plasmid-Borne Multiple Antibiotic Resistance in Streptococcus faecalis var. zymogenes

Jacob¹,

Hobbs²

1974

J Bacteriol

660

186

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A strain of Streptococcus faecalis var. zymogenes, designated JH1, had highlevel resistance to the antibiotics streptomycin, kanamycin, neomycin, erythromycin, and tetracycline. These resistances were lost en bloc from approximately 0.1% of cells grown in nutrient broth at 45 C. The frequency of resistance loss was not increased by growth in the presence of the "curing" agents acriflavine or acridine orange, but after prolonged storage in nutrient agar 17% of cells became antibiotic sensitive. Covalently closed circular deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) molecules were isolated from the parental strain and from antibiotic-sensitive segregants by using cesium chlioride-ethidium bromide gradients. DNA molecular species were identified by using neutral sucrose gradients. Strain JH1 contained two covalently closed circular DNA species of molecular weights 50 x 106 and 38 x 106. An antibiotic-sensitive segregant, strain JH1-9, had lost the larger molecular species. A second sensitive segregant, strain JH1-5, had also lost the larger molecular species but a new molecular species of approximate molecular weight 6 x 106 was present. The antibiotic resistances that were curable from the parental strain were transferred to antibiotic-sensitive strains of S. faecalis and to strain JH1-9, during mixed incubation in nutrient broth at 37 C. Data to be described are interpreted to suggest that the transfer is by a conjugal mechanism. Analysis of the plasmid species in recipient clones showed that all had received the plasmid of molecular weight 50 x 10.. Strain JH1-5 was not a good recipient. Analysis of one successful recipient clone of JH1-5 revealed that it had gained the 50 x 106 molecular weight plasmid but lost the 6 x 106 molecular weight species. These data are interpreted to mean that the multiple antibiotic resistance is borne by a transferable plasmid of 50 x 106 molecular weight, and that in clone JH1-5 this plasmid suffered a large deletion leaving only a 6 x 106 remnant which was incompatible with the complete replicon.

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“…The transmission of bacteriocin production from one cell to another has been described in many bacterial genera [11,15]. Raycroft and Zimmerman [13] demonstrated the transfer of chloramphenicol and phage resistances by conjugation. This paper presents a survey of bacteriocin-productive enterococci, and also the genetic transmission of a hemolytic character through cell-to-cell contact.…”

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confidence: 99%