New methods for microbial contamination monitoring: An experiment on board the mir orbital station

Guarnieri, V.; Gaia, Enrico; Battocchio, Luciano; Pitzurra, M; Savino, A; Pasquarella, Cesira; Vago, Tarcisio; Cotronei, V.

doi:10.1016/s0094-5765(97)00102-1

Cited by 20 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The total (ATP content from both dead and live microbes) and viable microorganisms (intracellular ATP content) were in the range of 10 5 -10 6 relative luminescence unit (RLU)/m 2 . These results were in line with ATP data measured directly on-board within the experiment T2 carried out during Euromir-95 mission (Guarnieri et al, 1997). Recently, the ATP-metry was selected for Today, commercial kits for quantitative ATP-metry are available to monitor the microbial biomass level in water and to validate cleaning and disinfection procedures, with a wide number of bulk and intracellular ATP measurements on microbial communities reported from natural and engineered aquatic environments (Abushaban et al, 2019;Fillinger et al, 2019; van der Wielen and van der Kooij, 2010;Vang et al, 2014).…”

Section: Sequencing-based "-Omics" Approaches For Microbial Communitysupporting

confidence: 88%

Water and Microbial Monitoring Technologies towards the Near Future Space Exploration

Amalfitano¹,

Levantesi²,

Copetti³

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Space exploration is demanding longer lasting human missions and water resupply from Earth will become increasingly unrealistic. In a near future, the spacecraft water monitoring systems will require technological advances to promptly identify and counteract contingent events of waterborne microbial contamination, posing health risks to astronauts with lowered immune responsiveness. The search for bio-analytical approaches, alternative to those applied on Earth by cultivation-dependent methods, is pushed by the compelling need to limit waste disposal and avoid microbial regrowth from analytical carryovers. Prospective technologies will be selected only if first validated in a flight-like environment, by following basic principles, advantages, and limitations beyond their current applications on Earth. Starting from the water monitoring activities applied on the International Space Station, we provide a critical overview of the nucleic acid amplification-based approaches (i.e., loop-mediated isothermal amplification, quantitative PCR, and high-throughput sequencing) and early-warning methods for total microbial load assessments (i.e., ATP-metry, flow cytometry), already used at a high readiness level aboard crewed space vehicles. Our findings suggest that the forthcoming space applications of mature technologies will be necessarily bounded by a compromise between analytical performances (e.g., speed to results, identification depth, reproducibility, multiparametricity) and detrimental technical requirements (e.g., reagent usage, waste production, operator skills, crew time). As space exploration progresses toward extended missions to Moon and Mars, miniaturized systems that also minimize crew involvement in their end-to-end operation are likely applicable on the long-term and suitable for the in-flight water and microbiological research.

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Section: Sequencing-based "-Omics" Approaches For Microbial Communitysupporting

confidence: 88%

Water and Microbial Monitoring Technologies towards the Near Future Space Exploration

Amalfitano¹,

Levantesi²,

Copetti³

et al. 2019

Preprint

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“…[87][88][89][90][91][92][93][94][95][96][97] The amount of data collected allowed the definition of classes of IMA and the maximum acceptable IMA levels in environments at different bio-risk levels. Over time some adjustments have been made.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The index of microbial air contamination

Pasquarella

Pitzurra

Savino

2000

Journal of Hospital Infection

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276

251

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“…In addition, some of them are very difficult to standardize. A sampling system based on nitrocellulose membranes, which have already been tested in other critical environments (Guarnieri et al 1997;Poletti et al 1999;Pitzurra et al 2007;Castiglia et al 2008;Tarsitani et al 1996), could be employed in cultural heritage conservation Pasquariello et al 2008). With nitrocellulose membranes, two parameters can be measured, i.e.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…health care environments, food industry, space industry) Castiglia et al 2008;Guarnieri et al 1997;Pasquarella et al 2009;Pitzurra et al 1997a, b;Pitzurra et al 2007;Poletti et al 1999). This plan was implemented at the Pilotta Palace in Parma during the exhibition of works by the Renaissance painter Antonio Allegri (1489-1534), better known as Correggio, held there between September 20, 2008 and January 25, 2009.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Proposal for an integrated approach to microbial environmental monitoring in cultural heritage: experience at the Correggio exhibition in Parma

et al. 2010

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Microbial environmental monitoring represents one of the most useful methods to assess potential risks related to the integrity of cultural heritage and people's health. The monitoring plan described in the present work is based on standardized techniques for measuring microbial air and surface contamination. Air contamination is assessed through both active and passive samplings, measuring the concentration of microbes in air (in colony forming units per cubic metre, CFU/m 3 ) and the rate at which microorganisms settle on surfaces (expressed by the Index of Microbial Air Contamination, IMA, CFU/dm 2 /h). For surface contamination, two parameters are measured using nitrocellulose membranes: the Microbial Buildup (MB, the total number of microorganisms accumulated on a surface in an unknown period of time prior to the sampling) and the Hourly Microbial Fallout (HMF, the number of microorganisms that settle on a specific surface during 1 h). The monitoring plan was implemented at the Pilotta Palace in Parma, Italy, during the Correggio exhibition in 2009. Samplings were taken before and during opening times. Some microbial contamination was already detected before the arrival of visitors: air contamination mean values of 99.1 CFU/m 3 and 5.2 CFU/dm 2 /h were recorded, while MB and HMF mean values for surfaces were 92 and 7 CFU/dm 2 , respectively. A significant increase was recorded in air contamination during opening times, with mean values of 323.7 CFU/ m 3 and 19.4 CFU/dm 2 /h; surface contamination values increased as well. This monitoring plan represents a contribution towards the definition of a much needed standardized methodology.

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New methods for microbial contamination monitoring: An experiment on board the mir orbital station

Cited by 20 publications

References 7 publications

Water and Microbial Monitoring Technologies towards the Near Future Space Exploration

Water and Microbial Monitoring Technologies towards the Near Future Space Exploration

The index of microbial air contamination

Proposal for an integrated approach to microbial environmental monitoring in cultural heritage: experience at the Correggio exhibition in Parma

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